累积环境风险与大学生自伤的关系:情绪调节策略的作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过两个子研究分别考察累积环境风险与大学生自伤行为间的关系模式,并探讨注意分散与认知重评两种情绪调节策略对高风险大学生自伤意图的缓解作用。研究1在1066名大学生中采用问卷调查,探索累积环境风险对大学生自伤行为的作用及模式。基于研究1的结果,研究2选取符合高风险背景的62名大学生为被试,采用实验室实验对两种情绪调节策略的作用予以考察。本研究结果表明:累积环境风险对男女大学生自伤行为均有显著的正向作用,且均符合非线性"正加速模式",但男生群体随累积风险数量增加而引发的自伤行为增长速度明显快于女生。对于高环境风险背景下的大学生,注意分散和认知重评两种策略均能降低其自伤倾向性与自伤认同,但不能降低其自伤意念。这提示应重视对经历了高环境风险的大学生进行情绪调节策略等方面的干预,以减少其采取自伤行为的倾向性。

关键词: 累积环境风险, 非自杀性自伤, 注意分散, 认知重评, 大学生

Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between cumulative environmental risk and NSSI behavior of college students through two sub-studies, while it also explored the mitigating effects of distraction and cognitive reappraisal on NSSI intention in college students with multiple risks. For study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1066 college students to explore the effects and patterns of cumulative environmental risk on college students' NSSI. Based on the results of the first study, 62 college students with high-risk backgrounds were selected as subjects in study 2, then we used a laboratory experiment to investigate the alleviating effects of the two emotion regulation strategies. The results showed that the cumulative environmental risk had a significant positive effect on NSSI behavior whether in male or female college students, and both of them conform to the nonlinear "positive acceleration mode". However, the enhancing rate of NSSI behavior caused by the increase of the number of cumulative risks in male students is significantly faster than that in female students. For college students with high environmental risk background, distraction and cognitive reappraisal could momentarily reduce their NSSI propensity and NSSI identity, and could not reduce their implicit NSSI ideation. This finding suggests that we should think highly of the psychological intervention of emotional regulation strategies for college students who have experienced high level of environmental risks, which will help them reduce the tendency of engaging in NSSI.

Key words: cumulative environmental risk, non-suicidal self-injury, distraction, cognitive reappraisal, college students

中图分类号:

B844

陈子循, 李金文, 王雨萌, 刘霞. 累积环境风险与大学生自伤的关系:情绪调节策略的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(1): 109-120.

CHEN Zixun, LI Jinwen, WANG Yumeng, LIU Xia. The Relationship between Cumulative Environmental Risk and Non-suicidal Self-injury among College Students: The Effects of Emotion Regulation Strategies[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 109-120.

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