表征影响三门问题解决的实验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本实验选取120名大一学生,设计了四种不同的处理,研究表征对解决三门问题及其迁移问题的影响,结果表明:(1)三门问题困难原因有害怕后悔、控制错觉和错误表征问题空间等,其中错误表征问题空间是主要原因。(2)清晰表征选手行为和主持人行为的逻辑关系显著地促进了三门问题的解决,而只有在逻辑关系基础上的频率表征才能够更进一步地促进三门问题的解决,在此基础上概率形式的信息表征没有更显著的促进作用。(3)在逻辑关系分解基础上的频率表征无论对结构相似还是内容相似的迁移问题的解决都有最好的正迁移效果。

关键词: 三门问题, 表征, 迁移, 大学生

Abstract: By designing four treatments, the experiment studied the influence of representation on the resolving of the three doors problem and its transfer.The results indicated that: (1) there are several reasons that make the three doors problem hard such as regret, the illusion of control, the misrepresentation of the problem space, etc., but the misrepresentation is the most important reason; (2) clear representation of the logical relation between the contestant and the host is the key of resolving three doors problems.The frequent form representation based on logical logic relation representation enhances the resolution of three doors problems; (3) the participants who acquire the correct experience from frequent form representation can resolve the transfer whether it is similar in content or in structure.

Key words: the three doors problem, representation,transfer

王宝玺, 向玲, 张庆林. 表征影响三门问题解决的实验研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2006, 22(4): 29-34.

WANG Bao-xi, XIANG Ling, ZHANG Qing-lin. An Experimental Study on the Influence of Representation on the Resolving of Three Doors Problem[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2006, 22(4): 29-34.

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