初中生友谊质量与孤独感的变化轨迹:一项多元潜变量增长模型分析

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.02.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为考察初中生友谊质量与孤独感的变化轨迹及两者间的关系，采用关系网络问卷、孤独感量表对西安市的875名初中生（M=12.73±0.18；男生494名）进行三年追踪测量，使用多元潜变量增长模型进行分析。结果发现：（1）初中三年，中学生的友谊质量逐渐提高，孤独感水平逐渐下降；（2）初一时的友谊质量和孤独感水平存在显著的个体差异，初中三年期间二者的发展速度也存在个体差异；（3）初一时的友谊质量可显著预测初一时的孤独感水平（β=-1.77，p<0.001）及随后的发展速度（β=0.20，p<0.05）；（4）男生的孤独感水平初始值高于女生，友谊质量的初始值则低于女生；高SES个体孤独感的起始值高于低SES个体。本研究结果揭示了初中三年期间个体友谊质量与孤独感的动态变化关系及友谊质量对孤独感的预测作用，对改善青少年孤独感的现状有一定的现实指导意义。

关键词: 青少年, 孤独感, 友谊质量, 多元潜变量增长模型

Abstract: In this study,875 adolescents (M=12.73±0.18, 494 boys) were recruited from 3 junior high school in Xi' an, China. The friendship quality and loneliness of students were measured by the Network of Relationships Inventory and Loneliness Scale for three times in 3 years. Latent growth modeling was used to examine the growth trajectories of friendship quality and loneliness, and the longitudinal effects of friendship quality on loneliness were analyzed by multivariate latent growth modeling. The results were as followed: (1) during the whole stage of junior high school, the growth trajectory of adolescents' friendship quality and loneliness are both linear, which indicated that the former increased gradually and the latter decreased at the same time; (2) there existed significant difference among individuals in the initial level and variation rate; (3) the multivariate latent growth model suggested that the initial level of friendship quality can effectively predicted the initial level of loneliness (β=-1.77, p<0.001) and subsequent decreased rate of loneliness(β=0.20, p<0.05); (4) the boys' initial loneliness was higher than girls, but the initial friendship quality was lower than girls'; the initial loneliness of high SES individuals was higher than that of low SES individuals. Our findings revealed the dynamic change of loneliness and friendship quality and the predictive effect of friendship quality on loneliness in junior middle school, which provided suggestions on improving teenagers' loneliness.

Key words: teenagers, loneliness, friendship quality, multiple latent growth model

中图分类号:

B844

张豪, 马田雨, 王媛, 李彩娜. 初中生友谊质量与孤独感的变化轨迹:一项多元潜变量增长模型分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(2): 230-239.

ZHANG Hao, MA Tianyu, WANG Yuan, LI Caina. Trajectory of Friendship Quality and Loneliness in Junior High School Students: A Multivariate Growth Model Analysis[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(2): 230-239.

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