父母教养方式与初中生网络受欺负行为的关系:一项追踪研究

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.05.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以491名初中生为研究对象，对其网络受欺负行为进行为期2年的4次追踪测试，同时测试其父母教养方式。采用潜变量混合增长模型探讨初中生网络受欺负行为的多种发展轨迹，并分析父母教养方式的影响。结果发现：（1）在2年时间内，初中生网络受欺负行为呈显著下降趋势；（2）初中生网络受欺负行为存在两种下降趋势，即快速下降与慢速下降；（3）父亲拒绝、父亲过度保护与母亲拒绝这三种教养方式可增加两组初中生的网络受欺负行为，同时也可降低其网络受欺负行为的下降速度；（4）父亲情感温暖可显著预测快速下降组的初始水平和发展速度，母亲过度保护可显著预测慢速下降组的初始水平和发展速度，母亲情感温暖可显著负向预测慢速下降组的发展速度。上述结果证实父母教养方式对初中生网络受欺负行为发展轨迹的预测作用，支持了Kowalski网络欺负模型。

关键词: 网络受欺负行为, 父母教养方式, 追踪研究, 潜变量混合增长模型, 初中生

Abstract: School victimization is an important and prevalent problem in society. In recent years, with the high-speed development of information technology and network, a new form of victimization has emerged, that is, cyber victimization. With the increasing number of adolescents using the Internet, cyber bullying may cause more harm than traditional bullying. So the junior high school students' cyber victimization is an important part of the research on adolescent problem behavior intervention. To provide theoretical guidance for intervention programs, researchers are required to obtain the results of longitudinal studies. The present research examined the developmental trajectories of cyber victimization by employing a longitudinal, four-wave design. Moreover, the current research also examined the impacts of parental style. The sample consisted of 491 adolescents (51.56% boys) in grade eight, who was followed up for two years from grade eight to grade nine. Using latent growth mixture modeling, various developmental trajectories of cyber victimization were examined. To explore the effect of parental style on the developmental trajectories of cyber victimization, logistic regression and latent growth modeling were utilized to analyze the data. The results indicated that:(1) the junior high school students' cyber victimization presented a decreasing trend significantly in the period of 2 years; (2) there were two downward trends, namely, rapid decline and slow decline; (3) among the parenting styles, father rejection, father over protection and mother rejection increased the incidence of cyber victimization of both groups. At the same time, it also reduced the decline rate of the cyber victimization; (4) the father emotional warmth had a significantly prediction on the initial level and the speed of development of the rapid decline group, and the mother emotional warmth had a significantly prediction on the speed of development of the slow decline group. Overall, these findings have some important implications for the prevention and intervention of the adolescent Internet victimization and support the Kowalski's Cyberbullying Model.

Key words: cyber victimization, parental style, developmental trajectories, latent growth mixture model, junior high school students

中图分类号:

B844

吴鹏, 张琪, 王杨春子. 父母教养方式与初中生网络受欺负行为的关系:一项追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(5): 719-726.

WU Peng, ZHANG Qi, WANGYANG Chunzi. The Relationship between Parental Style and Cyber Victimization of Junior High School Students: A Longitudinal Study[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(5): 719-726.

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