注意、工作记忆与推理能力发展的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 该研究以113名7、10、13岁的儿童青少年为被试,考察了注意、工作记忆与推理能力发展的关系。研究结果表明,7～13岁期间,注意与工作记忆在推理能力的发展中起十分重要的作用,然而注意与工作记忆的作用在不同年龄组之间略有差异;在儿童7岁时,注意对推理的影响显著,工作记忆对推理的影响不显著;到儿童10岁时,注意和工作记忆对推理的影响均显著,但工作记忆开始在注意与推理之间起部分中介的作用;13岁时,工作记忆对推理的影响显著,并在注意与推理之间起完全中介的作用。

关键词: 注意, 工作记忆, 推理, 儿童青少年

Abstract: The present study investigated the relationships among attention,working memory,and reasoning in children of 7,10,and 13 years old.The results are summarized as follows:both attention and working memory are adequately required for the development of reasoning,but the two abilities have differentiating effects on reasoning in different age groups.Specifically,attention plays a better part than working memory in reasoning in 7-year-old children;both attention and working memory have significant effects on reasoning in 10-year-old children, and working memory behaves as a partial mediator between attention and reasoning;in 13-year-old children, working memory plays a larger role in reasoning,and working memory serves as a full mediator between attention and reasoning.The results suggested that,as children grow older,the role of attention in reasoning development is decreasing,while the role of working memory is increasing.

Key words: attention, working memory, reasoning, children

中图分类号:

B842.3

任学柱, 钱颖技, 李春花, 徐芬. 注意、工作记忆与推理能力发展的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2010, 26(4): 337-343.

REN Xue-zhu, QIAN Ying-ji, LI Chun-hua, XU Fen. Relationships among Attention, Working memory, and Reasoning in Children[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2010, 26(4): 337-343.

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