青少年抑郁与自伤行为的发展轨迹及其关系:基于两年的追踪研究

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.03.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究通过对贵州四所学校的581名初一学生进行历时2年的3次追踪测查,采用交叉滞后模型和潜变量增长模型考察了青少年抑郁和自伤行为的时序效应以及二者的发展轨迹及其关系,同时探究了社会支持在其间的保护作用。结果发现:(1)青少年抑郁能够显著预测其后续的自伤行为,但自伤行为对后续抑郁的预测作用不显著;(2)抑郁和自伤行为在青少年早期并非稳定不变,而是呈线性增长趋势;(3)抑郁的初始水平和增长均能正向预测青少年自伤行为的增长;(4)社会支持能够显著调节抑郁增长对青少年自伤行为增长的影响,具体而言,抑郁增长对青少年自伤行为增长的影响在低社会支持水平下更强,而在高社会支持水平下有所减弱,说明高社会支持在其中发挥了保护作用。该结果揭示了青少年抑郁和自伤行为的动态发展关系及其保护性因素,对于制定科学的预防及干预方案、帮助青少年减少自伤行为等具有重要价值。

关键词: 抑郁, 自伤行为, 社会支持, 发展轨迹, 青少年

Abstract: By cross-lagged analysis and latent growth modeling, the current study examined the causal effects of depression and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and the relationship between their developmental trajectories among 581 Grade 7 students from four schools in Guizhou Province followed up over two years. Additionally, the protective role of social support in the above association was further explored. The results indicated that (1) Adolescents’ depression positively predicted subsequent NSSI, but NSSI had no significant predictive effect on follow-up depression; (2) Depression and NSSI were not stable but increased linearly during early adolescence; (3) Both initial level and slope of depression positively predicted the growth of NSSI; (4) Social support significantly moderated the effect of depression’s growth on NSSI’s growth. Specifically, under the high level of social support, the effect of adolescents’ depression growth on NSSI growth was weakened, suggesting that high social support played a protective role. These results revealed the dynamic changes and relationship between depression and NSSI and their protective factor, which were valuable for intervention program making and NSSI reduction.

Key words: depression, non-suicidal self-injury, social support, developmental trajectories, adolescents

中图分类号:

B844

李金文, 白荣, 王雨萌, 刘霞. 青少年抑郁与自伤行为的发展轨迹及其关系:基于两年的追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(3): 429-438.

LI Jinwen, BAI Rong, WANG Yumeng, LIU Xia. The Relationship between Developmental Trajectories of Adolescents’ Depression and Self-injury: A Two-year Longitudinal Study[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 429-438.

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