父母教养方式与大学生社会责任感的关系:自我控制的中介作用及其性别差异

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.02.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 社会责任感是大学生全面发展和幸福生活的核心品质，更是社会和谐与良好风尚的重要保证。本研究以北京、苏州、上海、厦门等地5所高校共852名大学生为研究对象，考察了父母教养方式（包括关爱与控制）与大学生社会责任感的关系，以及自我控制的中介作用与性别差异，结果表明：（1）父母关爱对大学生社会责任感具有显著的积极预测作用，而父母控制无预测效应；（2）自我控制在父母关爱与社会责任感之间发挥着部分中介作用；（3）自我控制的中介效应存在明显的性别差异，主要表现在女生群体中，而男生中不存在该效应。这表明，父母关爱可以明显提高大学生社会责任感，并且在女生群体中自我控制是二者关系的中间桥梁。

关键词: 父母教养方式, 自我控制, 社会责任感, 性别差异, 大学生

Abstract: The sense of social responsibility is an important psychological quality that is referring to taking social responsibility and helping others. Previous studies have suggested that parenting style can predict their children's sense of social responsibility. However, little research has explored the mediating role in the correlations between parenting styles and the sense of social responsibility among undergraduate. Increasing evidence has suggested that self-control might be a mediating variable. Self-control is considered to be a remarkable ability to adapt to the society and also the most basic way of self-regulation in self-consciousness structure. In sum, this study aimed to examine the correlations between parenting style and the sense of social responsibility and the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between the two variables among undergraduate in China.
A total of 852 undergraduates were recruited from 5 universities in China. The mean age of the sample was 20.44 yearsdd (SD=1.18; range:17~25 years). 68.38% were girl, and 6 undergraduates did not report their gender. The results showed that:(1) The sense of social responsibility was positively related to parental care, while negatively related to parental control. (2) There was a significant positive correlation between self-control and sense of social responsibility. (3) Self-control acted as the mediating variable in the correlation between parental care and social responsibility, but not between parental control and social responsibility. (4) The mediating role of self-control in the correlation between parent care and sense of social responsibility were significant among girls, but not among boys.
Based on these findings, we suggested that parental care could significantly improve undergraduates'sense of social responsibility, but parental control could decrease. Specially, as for girls, parents care not only could directly improve their sense of social responsibility, but also indirectly increase throughout self-control. However, parents care could directly improve boys'sense of social responsibility, but direct way not found in this study. The results of this study provided a basis for the possibility of promoting the sense of social responsibility among undergraduates from the family perspective.

Key words: parenting style, self-control, sense of social responsibility, gender difference, undergraduate

中图分类号:

B844

罗蕾, 明桦, 田园, 夏小庆, 黄四林. 父母教养方式与大学生社会责任感的关系:自我控制的中介作用及其性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2018, 34(2): 164-170.

LUO Lei, MING Hua, TIAN Yuan, XIA XiaoQing, HUANG SiLin. The Correlations between Parenting Style and the Sense of Social Responsibility among Undergraduate: The Mediating Role of Self-control and the Gender Difference[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(2): 164-170.

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