城乡空巢老人的亲子支持及其与抑郁的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用老年人亲子支持问卷和流调中心用抑郁自评量表(CES-D),对196名老人进行问卷调查,考察城乡空巢老人亲子支持的特点及其与抑郁的关系.结果表明:(1)总体上,老人接受子女的社会支持与给予子女的社会支持差异不显著.(2)在接受子女支持上,服务支持最多,其次是情感和物质支持,非空巢与空巢老人,城市与农村老人均无差异.(3)而在给予子女支持上,情感和服务支持高于物质支持,非空巢与空巢老人无显著差异,而城市老人在各维度上均高于农村老人.(4)影响老人抑郁的亲子支持维度不同:对城市非空巢老人,给予子女的情感支持越多,抑郁水平越低;对城市空巢老人,给予子女的情感支持越多,物质支持越少,抑郁水平越低.农村非空巢老人接受子女的服务支持越多,抑郁水平越低;而对农村空巢老人,亲子支持可能不影响其抑郁.因此,为了提高老年人的心理健康水平,对待不同处境的老年人应采取不同的干预措施.

关键词: 亲子支持, 抑郁, 空巢, 城乡老年人

Abstract: The present study applied Parents-Adult Children Social Support Scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) to 196 elderly.Results showed that:regarded the non-empty nester from urban areas,the empty nester from urban areas,the non-empty nester from rural areas and the empty nester from rural areas four groups of people,(1) the social support receiving from adult children matched the giving;(2) in respect of the social support receiving from adult children,service support was the mostly,and emotional and economic support were the secondly.No significant difference between empty nester and non-empty nester was found on the specific dimensions of receiving social support.So did that between urban and rural areas.(3) in respect of the social support giving to adult children,emotional and service support were more than economic support.Empty and non-empty nester gave the same social support to adult children on the specific dimensions of it.The urban aged gave more than the rural on each dimension of giving social support.(4) the rural aged were more depressed than the rural ones.(5) the influence factors on depression were different.For urban non-empty nester,the emotional support they gave to adult children could negatively predict their depression level;for urban empty nester,the more emotional support and the less economic support they gave to adult children,the lower depression level they would have;while for rural non-empty nester,the service support they received from adult children was a significant inverse predictor on their depression level;for rural empty nester,social support didn't affect their depression level.

Key words: intergenerational social support, depression, empty nest, urban and rural elderly

中图分类号:

B844.3

彭华茂, 尹述飞. 城乡空巢老人的亲子支持及其与抑郁的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2010, 26(6): 627-633.

PENG Hua-mao, YIN Shu-fei. The Intergenerational Social Support and Its Impact on Depression in the Empty Nest Aged among Urban and Rural Areas[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2010, 26(6): 627-633.

参考文献

[1] Amy,L.C.,Dana,A.G.,& Noreen,G.(2009).The role of life satisfaction and depressive symptoms in all-cause mortality.Psychology and Aging,24(3),696-702.
[2] Barrett,L.F.,Russell,J.A.(1998).Independence and biolarity in the structure of current affect.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,74,967-984.
[3] Blieszner,R.(1989).Aging parents and adult children:research themes in intergenerational relations.Journal of Marriage and Family,51,275-290.
[4] Chen,X.,& Silverstein,M.(2000).Intergenerational social support and the psychological well being of older parents in China.Research on Aging,22(1),43-66.
[5] Radloff,L.S.(1980).Depression and the empty nest.Sex Roles,6(6),775-781.
[6] Lee,G.R.,& Netzer,J.K.(1995).Depression among older parents:the role of international exchange.Journal of Marriage and Family,57,823-834.
[7] Schulz,R.,Drayer,R.A.,& Rollman,B.(2002).Depression as a risk factor for non-suicide mortality in the elderly.Biological Psychiatry,52,205-225.
[8] Silverstein,M.,& Parrott,T.M.(1995).Factors that predispose middle-aged sons and daughters to provide social support to older parents.Journal of Marriage and Family,57,465-476
[9] Stoller,E.P.(1985).Exchange patterns in the informal support networks of the elderly:The impact of reciprocity on morale.Journal of Marriage and Family,47,335-342.
[10] Wang,D.,Laidlaw,K.,Power,M.,& Shen,J.(2010).Older people's belief of filial piety in China:expectation and non-expectation.Clinical Gerontologist,33(1),1-18.
[11] 格里格·津巴多著.(2004).王垒,等译.心理学与生活.北京:人民邮电出版社.
[12] 宫宇轩.(1994).社会支持与心理健康的关系研究概述.心理学动态2(2),34-39.
[13] 国务院人口普查办公室.(2000).国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司.中国2000年人口普查资料.北京:中国统计出版社.
[14] 珂莱尔·婉格尔,刘精明.(1998).北京老年人社会支持网调查——兼与英国利物浦老年社会支持网对比.社会学研究,(2),56-66.
[15] 李强.(1998).社会支持与个体心理健康.天津社会科学,1,67-70.
[16] 孟珲,汤哲.(2000).北京城乡老年人抑郁症状的分析与比较.中国老年学杂志,7(20),196-199.
[17] 王兴华,王大华,申继亮.(2006).社会支持对老年人抑郁情绪的影响研究.中国临床心理学杂志,14(l),73-90.
[18] 王大华,申继亮,佟雁.(2005).老年人与成年子女间社会支持的结构及特点.中国老年学杂志,4,367-369.
[19] 王大华,佟雁,周丽清,申继亮.(2004).亲子支持对老年人主观幸福感的影响机制.心理学报,36(1),78-82.
[20] 王大华,申继亮,佟雁,费广洪.(2003).老年人孝顺期待与亲子间的社会支持.心理科学,26(3),400-402.
[21] 汪向东.(1993).心理卫生评定量表手册.中国心理卫生杂志增刊,166-168.
[22] 薛兴邦.(1998).社区老人幸福度及其相关因素分析.中国心理卫生杂志,(1),34-35.
[23] 张云英,黄金华,王禹.(2010).论孝文化缺失对农村家庭养老的影响.安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版),19(1),57-62.
[24] 周成超,楚洁,徐凌中.(2006).重新审视21世纪初期我国城市健康问题.医学与哲学,(27),19-21.

相关文章 15

[1]	肖嘉林, 梁凯欣, 黄柳玥, 王恩娜, 黄巧敏, 何韵涵, 卢宝琳, 迟新丽. 积极发展资源在减少青少年抑郁水平中的累积效应、关系模式及特定资源的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 257-269.
[2]	苑媛, 梁周健, 张丽. 结构性校园氛围与中学生抑郁:社会支持的中介作用和性别的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 869-876.
[3]	何灿, 魏华, 丁倩, 桂勇. 父母工作性通信工具使用对粗暴养育的影响:焦虑抑郁的中介作用与主管支持感的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 903-912.
[4]	胡义豪, 徐璐妍, 卞小华, 周颖, 刘俊升. 同伴侵害与青少年抑郁的关系:班级攻击规范凸显性的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(4): 542-549.
[5]	辛国刚, 张李斌, 常睿生, 张云运. 青少年早期受欺凌发展轨迹:抑郁、自尊和学业成就的预测作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(4): 568-579.
[6]	李金文, 白荣, 王雨萌, 刘霞. 青少年抑郁与自伤行为的发展轨迹及其关系:基于两年的追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(3): 429-438.
[7]	曾子豪, 彭丽仪, 詹林, 刘双金, 欧阳晓优, 丁道群, 黎志华, 胡义秋, 方晓义. 儿童期受虐对大学生抑郁症状的影响:主观幸福感的中介和基因的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(2): 276-285.
[8]	蒋索, 丁金琦, 刘艳, 陆元圆, 李小青, 陈静. 青少年早期网络欺凌/受欺凌对睡眠质量的影响:社交焦虑和抑郁情绪的链式中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(1): 85-96.
[9]	邓林园, 高诗晴, 王婧怡, 李蓓蕾. 新冠疫情期间中小学教师工作-家庭冲突和抑郁:有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(1): 121-131.
[10]	王浩, 俞国良. 大学生依恋焦虑与抑郁的关系:恋爱中关系攻击和关系质量的序列中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(6): 879-885.
[11]	朱黎君, 杨强, 叶宝娟, 陈智楠, 张丽. 自然联结对大学生抑郁的影响:有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(6): 886-893.
[12]	殷锦绣, 蔺秀云, 刘伟, 王玉龙, 彭勃. 教养方式的母子感知差异与儿童抑郁的关系：母子依恋的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(4): 556-565.
[13]	谢韵梓, 吴继霞, 王诗成, 阳泽. 儿童期情感忽视对大学生抑郁的影响:控制感与情绪调节自我效能感的链式中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(3): 407-417.
[14]	马小凤, 文美琪, 史凯, 杜青青, 姚贝, 穆缘, 霍小宁. 记忆编码策略对心境一致性记忆的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(2): 161-170.
[15]	程可心, 游雅媛, 叶宝娟, 陈志忠. 家庭功能与中学生自杀态度的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(2): 272-278.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed