青少年的自我同情对创伤后应激障碍与创伤后成长的影响:感恩的中介作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.06.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用自我同情量表、感恩问卷、创伤后应激障碍症状核查表和创伤后成长问卷对雅安地震4.5年后的499名中学生进行调查,以考察自我同情对创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和创伤后成长(PTG)的影响,并检验感恩在其间的中介作用。结果发现,积极自我同情可以直接负向预测PTSD、正向预测PTG,消极自我同情可以直接正向预测PTSD;积极自我同情可以通过感恩负向预测PTSD、正向预测PTG,消极自我同情可以通过感恩正向预测PTSD、负向预测PTG。研究显示,积极的自我同情可以缓解青少年的PTSD、促进PTG的发展,而消极自我同情会加重青少年的PTSD;感恩在自我同情与PTSD和PTG之间发挥了显著的中介作用。

关键词: 自我同情, 感恩, 创伤后应激障碍, 创伤后成长, 青少年

Abstract: This study examined the mediating roles that gratitude play in the relationship between self-compassion, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among Chinese adolescents who had experienced the Ya’an earthquake. Four and a half years after the earthquake, the researchers assessed 499 middle school students (230 males, 264 females) in Lushan County using the following systems to measure the relationship between self-compassion, PTSD, and PTG. Measures of Self-compassion Scale, Gratitude Questionnaire, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Posttraumatic Growth Questionnaire. After controlled for both gender and age, this research assessed the relationship using both a direct effect model and an indirect effects model. The results from analyzing the above measures showed that positive self-compassion had a significant negative effect on PTSD and a significant positive effect on PTG. Moreover, negative self-compassion had a positive effect on PTSD. In addition, in the indirect effects model, the results showed that gratitude played a significant mediating role between positive self-compassion and PTSD and PTG. More specifically, positive self-compassion had a negative effect on PTSD through gratitude and a positive effect on PTG. At the same time, gratitude also played a significant mediating role between negative self-compassion, PTSD, and PTG. More specifically, the results revealed that gratitude can influence both PTSD and PTG: among the participants, negative self-compassion positively affected PTSD through gratitude, and negative self-compassion negatively affected PTG through gratitude.

Key words: self-compassion, gratitude, PTSD, PTG, adolescents

中图分类号:

B844

刘艾祎, 王文超, 伍新春. 青少年的自我同情对创伤后应激障碍与创伤后成长的影响:感恩的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(6): 859-868.

LIU Aiyi, WANG Wenchao, WU Xinchun. The Influence of Adolescents’ Self-compassion on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Growth: The Mediating Role of Gratitude[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(6): 859-868.

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