自尊对基于面孔吸引力人格特质推断的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.03.07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自尊影响面孔吸引力刻板印象，然而由于能动性特质自我评价能够预测自尊，高自尊的个体拥有更高的能动性自我评价，因此自尊对面孔吸引力刻板印象的影响是否只体现在能动性特质维度上还未可知。60名女被试分别评价高、低吸引力女性目标在能动性和社群性人格特质维度上的符合程度。结果发现：能动性维度上，高自尊被试对高吸引力目标在积极特质形容词的符合程度评价显著高于低自尊被试，低自尊被试对低吸引力目标在积极特质形容词的符合程度评价显著高于高自尊被试；社群性维度上，高、低自尊被试均认为高吸引力目标与积极特质形容词更符合。研究结果表明，自尊对面孔吸引力刻板印象的影响主要体现在能动性评价上；在社群性评价上，高、低自尊被试都表现出面孔吸引力刻板印象。

关键词: 自尊, 面孔吸引力刻板印象, 能动性, 社群性

Abstract: Physical attractiveness stereotype implies that individuals who are physically attractive will be attributed positive personality traits. Specifically, the more attractive a person, the more likely that person to be perceived as possessing more socially acclaimed personality attributes. Previous research has suggested a moderating effect of self-esteem on physical attractiveness stereotype, in which compared with high self-esteem, people with low self-esteem had a more negative attitude to attractive others and a more positive attitude to less attractive individuals. In addition, studies also showed a positive correlation between self-esteem and agentic trait self-assessments, which suggested self-esteem is dominated by agentic rather than communal trait self-assessments. Despite research has shown the influence of self-esteem on physical attractiveness stereotype, no studies so far have examined how self-esteem affects the performance of physical attractiveness stereotype on agency and communion dimensions. In this current study, we conducted a 2 (self-esteem level:high, low)×2 (targets attractiveness level:high, low) mixed experimental design to investigated this impact of self-esteem. Twelve female targets photos with high or low attractiveness (6 photos of attractive and unattractive targets respectively) was collected and be randomly matched with different agentic or communal trait adjectives in advance. Sixty healthy female college students (mean age=20.18±1.58) were recruited in the experiment and were divided into either high or low self-esteem group according to their total scores of Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Participants were asked to evaluate the compliance level between the photos and the trait adjectives on a 4 Likert scale (1=no at all, 4=very well). Results indicated that (1) on agentic traits judgments, high self-esteem subjects had a significantly higher evaluations to attractive targets compared with low self-esteem (p=0.019); low self-esteem subjects had a significantly higher evaluations to unattractive targets compared with high self-esteem (p=0.036);(2) on communal traits judgments, consistent with hypothesis, there is no salient evaluation difference between high and low self-esteem subjects to high attractive targets, that is, both high and low self-esteem participants were agreed that attractive targets are more communal than unattractive (p=0.202). As a whole,the results of this current study replicated the findings of most publications showing that there was a robust stabilizing physical attractiveness stereotype on communal trait judgments. Moreover, we found that there was a moderating effect of self-esteem on physical attractiveness stereotype's performance on agentic trait judgement.

Key words: self-esteem, physical attractiveness stereotype, agency, communion

中图分类号:

B844

李回想, 彭茂莹, 杨娟. 自尊对基于面孔吸引力人格特质推断的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(3): 363-370.

LI Huixiang, PENG Maoying, YANG Juan. Self-esteem Influences Personality Trait Judgments Based on Physical Attractiveness[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(3): 363-370.

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