冲突情境中青少年的亲社会意图:预期重要他人观点的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 青少年在特定情境下的亲社会意图受到重要他人的影响,而预期重要他人观点的影响更为明显。本研究借助假设的冲突情境,考查了327名青少年(男生146人,女生181人)对重要他人的观点的预期及其对亲社会意图的影响。结果发现,青少年的亲社会意图与其预期的重要他人观点的偏离程度随着情境的不同而发生变化,在"个人健康—他人健康"、"个人学业—他人学业"、"人际关系—诚实品质"三种冲突情境中,青少年的行为意图分别与预期的父母、教师、同伴的观点偏离度最小。预期重要他人观点对亲社会意图的影响受到青少年对相应观点认可度的调节,在高认可度水平上,预期重要他人观点正向预测亲社会意图;在低认可度水平上,上述预测作用并未显现。该结果表明不同重要他人对青少年的影响是相对独立的,且受到生活事件领域的制约。

关键词: 青少年, 冲突情境, 亲社会意图, 重要他人, 观点预期

Abstract: Significant others affected adolescents'prosocial intention in particular situation.Moreover,the effect of anticipated others'viewpoint and attitude is more significant.This study investigated the role of adolescents' anticipated others'viewpoint in prosocial intention in the assumptive dilemmas.The result demonstrated that the degree of deviation between adolescents' prosocial intention and anticipated others' viewpoint changed with different conflict situations types differently.Adolescents'prosocial intention and anticipated parents'viewpoint showed the minimum degree of deviation in the conflict situation of"one's own health vs.other people's health", while the minimum degree of deviation between their prosocial intention and anticipated teachers' viewpoint appeared in the situation of "one's own study vs.other people's study".Then came the minimum deviate degree between adolescents' prosocial intention and anticipated peers' viewpoint,which existed in the situation of "interpersonal relationship vs.honest quality".Adolescents'approval degree in significant others'viewpoint moderated the relation between anticipated others'viewpoint and their prosocial intention.when adolescents highly agreed with anticipated significant others'viewpoint,this viewpoint positively predicted their prosocial intention.When they were less likely to agree with anticipated significant others'viewpoint,the predictive effect of this viewpoint didn't exsit.The results indicated that adults and peers influenced adolescents separately,and the influence was restricted by life events field.

Key words: adolescents, conflict situations, prosocial intention, significant others, viewpoint anticipating

中图分类号:

B844. 2

张庆鹏, 刘静丽, 黄慧, 黎洁, 寇彧. 冲突情境中青少年的亲社会意图:预期重要他人观点的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2012, 28(4): 368-375.

ZHANG Qing-peng, LIU Jing-li, HUANG Hui, LI Jie, KOU Yu. Adolescents’ Prosocial Intention in Conflict Situations: The Effect of Anticipated Significant Others’ Viewpoint[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(4): 368-375.

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