午睡对提取诱发遗忘的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2017.06.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究使用提取诱发遗忘范式，在提取练习和最终测试间插入午睡（1小时）或等长时段的分心任务，通过比较午睡组和非午睡组的记忆成绩来探测午睡对提取诱发遗忘现象的影响。结果发现：（1）午睡组的Rp-项目正确率显著低于Nrp项目，出现了提取诱发遗忘效应；Rp+项目的正确率则显著高于Nrp项目，出现提取练习效应；（2）非午睡组的Rp-项目正确率和Nrp项目的正确率差异不显著，说明提取练习阶段后间隔一小时就不能观测到提取诱发遗忘现象。研究结果表明一小时的午睡巩固了提取诱发遗忘现象，首次从短期睡眠的角度支持了情景抑制假说。

关键词: 提取诱发遗忘, 午睡, 记忆

Abstract: The present study adopted Retrieral-induced forgetting paradigm, and afternoon nap (1 hour) or distraction task with equal time was inserted between retrieval practice and the final test. Explored influence of the afternoon nap on retrieral-induced forgetting effect through comparing the recall of the nap group and the no-nap group. The result showed that:(1) Correct rate of the recall of Rp-items was significantly lower than the recall of Nrp items in afternoon nap group, thus the retrieral-induced forgetting was found; while, correct rate of the recall of Rp+ items was significantly higher than that of Nrp items, which indicated the retrieval practice effect. (2)There was no significant difference between correct rate of the recall of Rp-and that of Nrp items in afternoon no-nap group, showing that retrieral-induced forgetting effect disappeared after one hour. Therefore, the conclusion suggested that afternoon nap was one of conditions for the retrieval-induced forgetting effect existed chronically. Meanwhile, for the first time to support the episodic inhibition hypothesis from the perspective of short-term sleep.

Key words: retrieval-induced forgetting, afternoon nap, memory

马小凤, 汪李玲, 周爱保. 午睡对提取诱发遗忘的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(6): 658-665.

MA Xiaofeng, WANG Liling, ZHOU Aibao. The Influence of the Afternoon Nap on the Retrieral-Induced Forgetting[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(6): 658-665.

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