青少年依恋环境的情绪启动和注意恢复功能

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以往研究发现自然环境能激发个体积极情绪,恢复集中注意。当个体对自然环境的依恋程度不同时,环境的情绪启动和注意恢复功能是否存在差异?研究以96名初一学生为被试考察地方依恋对环境的情绪和注意恢复作用是否产生影响。根据被试对某自然环境的依恋水平将其分为高依恋和低依恋组,并在被试参加情绪启动实验(实验1)和集中注意实验(实验2)时将其分为实验组和控制组以考察对环境依恋水平不同的被试观看该环境图片后情绪启动和注意恢复状况是否存在差异。实验1显示低依恋实验组对厌恶的反应时显著短于其他三组;实验2结果表明高依恋实验组被试在观看自然环境图片后在注意后测任务上的反应时显著短于低依恋实验组和控制组。

关键词: 地方依恋, 恢复性, 情绪启动, 注意, 青少年

Abstract: In the field of environmental psychology,some researches focused on the environments where people can recover from stress and mental fatigue.Kaplan and Ulrich developed theories to describe and explain the mechanism of affective priming and attention restoration in those environments.An interesting issue is whether the restoration of affect and attention in some environments are different,when people become to attach to those environments? The present study would examine the impact of place attachment on affective priming and attention restoration.Ninety-six seventh grade students were divided into two groups based on their scores on the Place Attachment Scale.One group named high place attachment group scored higher,and the other named low place attachment group scored lower.The study consisted of two experiments.In the experiment 1,whether environment participants attaching to would elicit rapid positive affection responses was examined.An affective priming paradigm with pictures of environmental scenes and facial expressions as primes and targets,respectively,was employed.In the experiment 2,pretest-posttest design in attention task was used to investigate the impact of place attachment on restore of participants' attention.The results of experiment 1 showed that: (1) after viewing natural scene pictures,participants from low attachment group responded to disgusted faces significantly faster than those from high attachment group and the other two control groups who were assigned to view geometric pictures; (2) there was no difference in response time to happy faces for the participants assigned to view natural scene pictures or geometric pictures.In the experiment 2,the results revealed that,(1) there were no differences on the accuracy and reaction times of pretest between two experiment groups and two control groups; (2) in the posttest of experiment group,participants who high attaching to the natural environment reacted to the target number faster than those who low attaching to the environment.

Key words: place attachment, restoration, affective priming, attention, adolescent

中图分类号:

B844.2

池丽萍, 苏谦. 青少年依恋环境的情绪启动和注意恢复功能[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2012, 28(5): 471-477.

CHI Li-ping, SU Qian. Function of Affective Priming and Attention Restoration in Environment Adolescents Attaching to[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(5): 471-477.

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