2～11岁儿童自我控制发展的稳定性与变化及其性别差异

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用实验室行为观察法考察了114名2～11岁儿童自我控制的发展变化及其性别差异。结果表明:(1)儿童的自我控制在2岁到4岁之间具有低等程度的相对稳定性,在4～11岁之间具有低等程度的相对稳定性。(2)女孩在2岁、4岁、7岁和11岁时的自我控制均显著高于男孩。(3)从2岁到11岁,男孩和女孩自我控制的发展变化存在差异。对于女孩来说,4岁时的自我控制显著高于2岁时,4岁与7岁、11岁之间以及7岁与11岁之间的自我控制均无显著差异;对于男孩来说,4岁时的自我控制显著高于2岁时,7岁时显著低于4岁,7岁与11岁之间的自我控制无显著差异。

关键词: 儿童, 自我控制, 稳定性, 性别差异

Abstract: Stability and gender difference of children's self-control of 114 children from 2 to 11 years old was investigated in lab by observing children's behavior.The results are as follows: (1) Children's self-control from 2-year-old to 4-year-old show low stability,and children's self-control from 4-year-old to 11-year-old show low stability; (2) Girls' self-control is significantly higher than boys' in all age stages.(3) There is significantly difference between boys and girls in their self-control's developmental trajectories from 2 to 11 years old.For girls,their self-control at 4 years old is significantly higher than that of 2 years old,and there is no difference in self-control among 4,7 and 11 years old.For boys,their self-control at 4 years old is significantly higher than that of 2 years old,their self-control at 4 years old is significantly higher than that of 7 years old,and there is no difference in self-control between 7 and 11years old.

Key words: children, self-control, stability, gender difference

中图分类号:

B844.1

张萍, 梁宗保, 陈会昌, 张光珍. 2～11岁儿童自我控制发展的稳定性与变化及其性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2012, 28(5): 463-470.

ZHANG Ping, LIANG Zong-bao, CHEN Hui-chang, ZHANG Guang-zhen. The Stability and Gender Difference of Children’s Self-control from 2 to 11Years Old[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(5): 463-470.

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