结果预期对青少年攻击性行为的影响：中介效应与调节效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用攻击性问卷、关系攻击行为量表、结果预期量表、移情量表和自我控制能力问卷对720名中学生进行调查,考察了结果预期与青少年攻击性行为的关系,以及自我控制在其中的中介作用和移情在其中的调节作用。结果发现:(1)结果预期与青少年的攻击性行为(外部攻击和关系攻击)存在显著负相关;(2)自我控制在结果预期与青少年攻击性行为之间起着完全中介作用;(3)在结果预期对青少年外部攻击行为的预测中,移情发挥了调节作用。在高移情个体中,结果预期并不预测外部攻击行为,而在低移情个体中,结果预期显著地反向预测外部攻击行为;(4)自我控制在结果预期与青少年外部攻击行为之间的中介作用受到移情的调节,高水平的移情能力可以有效地缓解青少年因低自我控制而导致的高攻击性。

关键词: 青少年, 攻击行为, 结果预期, 自我控制, 移情

Abstract: To examine the relationship between consideration of future consequences and adolescent aggression, as well as the mediating role of self-control and the moderating role of empathy in the effect of consideration of future consequences, 720 secondary students were tested with aggression questionnaire, relational aggression scale, consideration of future consequences scale, empathy scale and self-control ability questionnaire. The results indicated that:(1) Consideration of future consequences was negatively associated with Adolescent aggression(overt aggression and relational aggression);(2)Self-control could fully mediate the relationship between consideration of future consequences and Adolescent aggression;(3)Empathy served to moderate the association between consideration of future consequences and overt aggression in that low empathy predicted a negative association between them while high empathy predicted no significant association;(4) The mediating effect of self-control was moderated by empathy, and a high level of empathy could effectively relieve Adolescents' aggression for low self-control.

Key words: adolescent, aggressive behavior, consideration of future consequences, self-control, empathy

中图分类号:

B844.2

纪伟标, 王玲, 莫宏媛, 刘菁菁, 程云玮. 结果预期对青少年攻击性行为的影响：中介效应与调节效应[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(1): 86-93.

JI Wei-biao, WANG Ling, MO Hong-yuan, LIU Jing-jing, CHENG Yun-wei. Effect of Consideration of Future Consequences on Aggression in Adolescence：Mediation and Moderation Effects[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(1): 86-93.

参考文献

Anderson, C. A., & Bushuman, B. J.(2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51.
Balliet, D., Li, N. P., & Joireman, J.(2011). Relating trait self-control and forgiveness within prosocials and proselfs: compensatory versus synergistic models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(5), 1090-1105.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A.(1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
Batson, C. D., & Oleson, K. C.(1991). Current status of the empathy-altruism hypothesis. In M.S. Clark(Ed.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology: vol.12. Prosocial behavior(pp.62-85).
Bushman, B. J., Giancola, P. R., Parrott, D. J., & Roth, R. M.(2012). Failure to consider future consequences increases the effects of alcohol on aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 591-595.
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M.(1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(3), 452-459.
Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K.(1995). Relational aggression, gender, and social-psychological adjustment. Child Development, 66, 710-722.
Crick, N. R.(1996). The role of overt aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior in the prediction of children's future social adjustment. Child Development, 10, 2317-2327.
Davis, M. H.(1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113-126.
De Wied, M., Branje, S. J. T., & Meeus, W. H. J.(2007). Empathy and conflict resolution in friendship relations among adolescents. Aggressive Behavior, 33(1), 48-55.
Duriez, B.(2004). Taking a closer look at the religion-empathy relationship: are religious people nicer people? Mental Health, Religion, and Culture, 7, 249-254.
Finkel, E. J., & Campbell, W. K.(2001). Self-control and accommodation in close relationships: An interdependence analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 263-277.
Finkel, E. J., & Rusbult, C. E.(2008). Prorelationship motivation: An interdependence theory analysis of situations with conflicting interests. In J. Y. Shah & W. L. Gardner(Eds.), Handbook of motivation science(pp. 547-560). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Gottfredson, M., & Hirschi, T.(1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Hevey, D., Pertl, M., Thomas, K., Maher, L., Craig, A., & Chuinneagain, S. N.(2010). Consideration of future consequences scale: confirmatory factor analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 654-657.
Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D.(1989). Individual differences and the trait of aggression. European Journal of Personality, 3, 95-106.
Joireman, J. A., Anderson, J., & Strathman, A.(2003). The aggression paradox: understanding links among aggression, sensation seeking, and the consideration of future consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1287-1302.
Joireman, J., Balliet, D., Sprott, D., Spangenberg, E., & Schultz, J.(2008). Consideration of consequences, ego-depletion, and self-control: support for distinguishing between CFC-Immediate and CFC-Future sub-scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 15-21.
Joireman, J. A., Van Lange, P. A., & Van Vugt, M.(2004). Who cares about the environmental impact of cars? Those with an eye toward the future. Environmental and Behavior, 36, 187-206.
Kelley, H. H., & Thibaut, J. W.(1978). Interpersonal relations: a theory of interdependence. New York: Wiley.
Laird, R. D., Markd, L. D., & Marrero, M. D.(2011). Religiosity, self-control, and antisocial behavior: religiosity as a promotive and protective factor. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 32, 78-85.
Li, Y., Putallaz, M., & Su, Y. J.(2011). Interparental conflict styles and parenting behaviors: associations with overt and relational aggression among Chinese children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 57(4), 402-427.
Little, T. D., Jones, S. M.,Henrich, C. C., & Hawley, P. H.(2003). Disentangling the 'why' from the 'whats' of aggressive behavior. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 122-133.
Loudin, J. L., Loukas, A., & Robinson, S.(2003). Relational aggression in college students: examining the roles of social anxiety and empathy. Aggressive Behavior, 29(5), 430-439.
Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, Y. V.(2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863.
Richardson, D. R., Hammock, G. S., Smith, S. M., Gardner, W., & Signo, M.(1994). Empathy as a cognitive inhibitor of interpersonal aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 20, 275-289.
Righetti, R., Finkenauer, C., & Finkel, E. J.(2011). Me or you? The role of self-control in facing the daily dilemmas of sacrifice. Manuscript in preparation, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Rusbult, C. E., & Van Lange, P. A. M.(1996). Interdependence processes. In Higgins, E. T. & Kruglanski, A. W.(Eds.), Social psychology: Hand-book of basic principles(pp. 564-596). New York: Guilford Press.
Sibicky, M. E., Schroeder, D. A., & Dovidio, J. F.(1995). Empathy and helping: considering the consequences of intervention. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 16, 435-453.
Sirois, F. M.(2004). Procrastination and intentions to perform health behaviors: The role of self-efficacy and the consideration of future consequences. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 115-128.
Strathman, A., Gleicher, F., Boninger, D. S., & Edwards, C. S.(1994). The consideration of future consequences: weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 742-752.
杜红梅, 冯维.(2005). 移情与后果认知训练对儿童欺负行为影响到的实验研究. 心理发展与教育, 2, 81-86.
方小平, 何华.(2012). 外部攻击型和关系攻击型初中生执行功能的研究. 心理科学, 35(1), 129-134
纪林芹, 张文新.(2007). 儿童攻击发展研究的新进展. 心理发展与教育, 23, 122-127.
李哲, 方平.(2009). 情绪体验与移情反应的关系及其影响因素的研究. 首都师范大学硕士学位论文.
梁凤华.(2005). 高中生关系攻击行为及其影响因素研究. 浙江大学.
任朝霞.(2002). 浅谈移情对儿童攻击性行为的影响. 山东大学学报(哲社版), 4, 73-77.
王红姣, 卢家楣.(2004). 中学生自我控制能力问卷的编制及其调查. 心理科学, 27, 1477-1482.
辛自强, 郭素然, 池丽萍.(2007). 青少年自尊与攻击的关系: 中介变量和调节变量的作用.心理学报, 39, 845-851.
应贤慧, 戴春林.(2008). 中学生移情与攻击行为: 攻击情绪与认知的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2, 73-78.
赵菊, 佐斌.(2005). 情境与互动: 人际互倚及其模式. 心理科学进展, 13(6), 828-835.

相关文章 15

[1]	王玉龙, 赵婧斐, 蔺秀云. 家庭风险因素对青少年自伤的累积效应及其性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 240-247.
[2]	王艳辉, 沈梓锋, 赖雪芬. 父母心理控制与青少年外化问题行为的关系：意志控制和越轨同伴交往的链式中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 248-256.
[3]	肖嘉林, 梁凯欣, 黄柳玥, 王恩娜, 黄巧敏, 何韵涵, 卢宝琳, 迟新丽. 积极发展资源在减少青少年抑郁水平中的累积效应、关系模式及特定资源的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 257-269.
[4]	张陆, 孙山, 游志麒. 网络成瘾对大学生学业压力的影响：睡眠质量与自我控制的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 279-287.
[5]	田惠东, 张玉红, 孙昊翔, 李瑛, 哈尼夏. 师生关系对智力障碍学生同伴交往能力的影响：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(1): 44-54.
[6]	魏华, 丁慧敏, 陈武, 郝兴风, 熊婕. 父母低头行为与青少年网络欺负的关系：压力的中介作用与年龄的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(1): 114-121.
[7]	邹盛奇, 伍新春. 父母冲突与青少年同伴依恋的关系:亲子依恋的中介作用及性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 798-807.
[8]	陈颖, 张野, 韩娜, 王凯. 校园排斥对初中生网络偏差行为的影响:相对剥夺感与自我控制的序列中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 887-894.
[9]	彭海云, 盛靓, 邱凡硕, 周姿言, 辛素飞. 青少年心理减负从“无聊”开始——无聊倾向对青少年主观幸福感的影响机制[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 895-902.
[10]	刘庆, 冯兰. 父母婚姻质量和青少年同胞关系:教养方式的中介作用及其性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 654-662.
[11]	刘思含, 伍新春, 王歆逸. 父母教养方式的潜在类别及其与青少年学习投入和焦虑症状的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 673-682.
[12]	沙晶莹, 张向葵, 刘千冬. 人以群分？学业动机比较对青少年同伴选择的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 683-690.
[13]	张雯, 王振宏. 负性生活事件与青少年内化问题的关系:社会支持的中介作用和亲子亲和的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 718-725.
[14]	洪新伟, 苗灵童, 范航, 宋明华, 朱婷婷, 刘燊, 张林. 父母婚姻冲突与青少年攻击行为的关系:情绪安全感和学校联结的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 726-734.
[15]	王玉龙, 苏慧娟, 蔺秀云. 青少年自伤的分类:基于潜在剖面分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 735-742.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed