青少年自我控制与睡眠质量的纵向关系

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究采用长期追踪与日记法，考察青少年自我控制与睡眠质量在不同时间尺度上的相互影响关系。研究1对656名中学生进行间隔6个月的三次追踪调查，交叉滞后模型结果发现，两者在长期尺度上存在单向影响。具体而言，前测特质自我控制显著正向预测后测睡眠质量，而反向影响不显著。研究2对研究1中意愿参与的中学生样本(N=414)开展连续10个在校日的日记法调查。动态结构方程模型结果显示，两者在短期尺度上存在相互促进的正反馈效应，即每日睡眠质量显著正向预测后一日的状态自我控制，每日状态自我控制也能显著正向预测后一日的睡眠质量。本研究通过多时间尺度分析，揭示了青少年自我控制与睡眠质量之间存在长期单向而短期双向的差异化作用模式，为在青少年这一关键发展阶段培养自我控制能力与健康睡眠习惯提供了精准干预依据。

关键词: 睡眠质量, 自我控制, 日记法, 交叉滞后面板, 动态结构方程模型

Abstract: This study used a longitudinal design and a daily diary method to examine the reciprocal effects of adolescents’ self-control and sleep quality across different time scales. Study 1 administered three follow-up surveys at six-month intervals among 656 secondary school students. Cross-lagged panel model analysis revealed a unidirectional effect at the long-term scale. Specifically, pretest trait self-control exerted a significant positive effect on post-test sleep quality, but the opposite effect was not statistically significant. In Study 2, a 10-day daily diary design was adopted among 414 volunteer middle school students from Study 1 across consecutive school days. Dynamic structural equation modeling indicated a reciprocal positive reinforcing effect at the short-term level. Specifically, daily sleep quality significantly and positively predicted next-day state self-control, whereas daily state self-control also significantly and positively predicted subsequent sleep quality. Through multi-time-scale analyses, this study revealed a pattern of long-term unidirectional and short-term reciprocal effects between adolescents’ self-control and sleep quality. These findings provide an empirical basis for targeted intervention aimed at cultivating self-control abilities and healthy sleep habits during this critical developmental stage.

Key words: sleep quality, self-control, diary method, cross-lagged panel, dynamic structural equation modeling

中图分类号:

B844

王惠惠, 唐慎佩, 温忠麟, 方杰, 王向梅, 张廷荣, 王庆华, 戴琳娜. 青少年自我控制与睡眠质量的纵向关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(5): 737-747.

WANG Huihui, TANG Shenpei, WEN Zhonglin, FANG Jie, WANG Xiangmei, ZHANG Tingrong, WANG Qinghua, DAI Linna. The Longitudinal Relationship between Adolescents’ Self-control and Sleep Quality[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2026, 42(5): 737-747.

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