童年期虐待对初中生主观幸福感的影响：同伴依恋的纵向中介作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.02.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究聚焦于初中生童年期虐待、同伴依恋与主观幸福感的发展轨迹,并进一步探讨同伴依恋的纵向中介作用。通过对湖南省507名初中学生进行为期一年的三波次追踪调查,深入探讨了童年虐待对青少年心理社会发展的长期影响。结果发现, 童年期虐待显著负向预测初中生同伴依恋的初始水平,正向预测后期发展速度;童年期虐待负向预测初中生主观幸福感的初始水平,对其后期的发展速度并无显著影响。另外,同伴依恋在童年期虐待及其各维度(情感虐待、躯体虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视)与主观幸福感之间起着部分中介效应。这意味着童年期虐待能够通过削弱青少年同伴依恋能力,进一步损害其主观幸福感。研究结果揭示了童年创伤对青少年心理健康的长期影响,对把握青少年心理发展的关键期,保障心理健康发展具有一定的现实指导意义。

关键词: 初中生, 童年期虐待, 主观幸福感, 同伴依恋

Abstract: This study aims to examine the developmental trajectories of childhood abuse, peer attachment, and subjective well-being among junior high school students, and further explore the longitudinal mediating role of peer attachment. A longitudinal survey was conducted over one year, involving three waves of self-reported questionnaires completed by 507 junior high school students in Hunan Province. Latent growth modeling was used for analysis. The results from the latent growth model indicated that childhood abuse significantly negatively predicted the initial level of peer attachment among junior high school students and positively predicted the rate of growth in peer attachment over time. Childhood abuse also negatively predicted the initial level of subjective well-being but had no significant impact on its growth rate. Structural equation modeling revealed that peer attachment partially mediated the relationship between childhood abuse, including its various dimensions (emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect), and subjective well-being. This suggests that childhood abuse influences the initial level of subjective well-being through peer attachment. These findings provide practical implications for understanding critical periods in adolescent psychological development and promoting mental health.

Key words: junior high school students, childhood abuse, subjective well-being, peer attachment

中图分类号:

B844

黎钰林, 吴德华, 卿亿承, 李丹, 尹华站. 童年期虐待对初中生主观幸福感的影响：同伴依恋的纵向中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(2): 254-263.

LI Yulin, WU Dehua, QING Yicheng, LI Dan, YIN Huazhan. The Relationship between Childhood Abuse and Subjective Well-being of Junior High School Students: The Longitudinal Mediating Role of Peer Attachment[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2026, 42(2): 254-263.

参考文献

Alsarrani, A., Hunter, R. F., Dunne, L., & Garcia, L. (2022).Association between friendship quality and subjective wellbeing among adolescents: A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 2420. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14776-4.
Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence.Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454.
Arslan, G. (2016). Psychological maltreatment, emotional and behavioral problems in adolescents: The mediating role of resilience and self-esteem.Child Abuse & Neglect, 52, 200-209.
Balluerka, N., Gorostiaga, A., Alonso-Arbiol, I., & Aritzeta, A. (2016). Peer attachment and class emotional intelligence as predictors of adolescents' psychological well-being: A multilevel approach.Journal of Adolescence, 53, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.08.009
Belsky, J. (1980). Child maltreatment: an ecological integration.American Psychologist, 35(4), 320-335.
Bernstein, D. (1998). Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.A Retrospective Self-Report. Manual/The Psychological Corporation, Harcourt Brace & Company.
Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52(4), 664-678.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979).The ecology of human development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Harvard university press.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723-742
Bronfenbrenner, U . (1977). Who cares for children? Bristol Medico-chirurgical Journal, 92(343-344), 3-8.
Cheung, G. W., & Lau, R. S. (2012). A direct comparison approach for testing measurement invariance.Organizational Research Methods, 15(2), 167-198.
Collins, W. A., & Sroufe, L. A. (1999). Capacity for intimate relationships: A developmental construction. In W. Furman, B. B. Brown, & C. Feiring (Eds.),The development of romantic relationships in adolescence (pp. 125-147). Cambridge University Press.
Crawford, E., & Wright, M. O. D. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological maltreatment on interpersonal schemas and subsequent experiences of relationship aggression.Journal of Emotional Abuse, 7(2), 93-116.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Self-determination theory.Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology, 1(20), 416-436.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985).The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress.Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010).New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143-156.
Dion, J., Gervais, J., Bigras, N., Blackburn, M. E., & Godbout, N. (2019). A longitudinal study of the mediating role of romantic attachment in the relation between child maltreatment and psychological adaptation in emerging adults.Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(12), 2391-2402.
Fang, X., & Corso, P. S. (2007). Child maltreatment, youth violence, and intimate partner violence: Developmental relationships.American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 33(4), 281-290.
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362.
Hart,P. M.,& Cooper,C.L. (2001). Occupational stress: Toward a more integrated framework. Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology, 2, 93-114.
Helson, H. (1964). Current trends and issues in adaptation-level theory.American Psychologist, 19(1), 26-38.
Herrenkohl, T. I., Klika, J. B., Herrenkohl, R. C., Russo, M. J., & Dee, T. (2012).A prospective investigation of the relationship between child maltreatment and indicators of adult psychological well-being. Violence and Victims, 27(5), 764-776.
Infurna, F. J., Rivers, C. T., Reich, J., & Zautra, A. J. (2015). Childhood trauma and personal mastery: Their influence on emotional reactivity to everyday events in a community sample of middle-aged adults.PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0121840. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121840
Jager,J.,Yuen, C. X., Diane, L., Putnick,D.L., Hendricks, C.,& Bornstein,M.H.(2015). Adolescent-peer relationships, separation and detachment from parents, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors: Linkages and interactions. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 35(4), 511-537.
Jonson-Reid, M., Kohl, P. L.,& Drake, B.(2012). Child and adult outcomes of chronic child maltreatment. Pediatrics, 129(5), 839-845.
Ju, S., & Lee, Y. (2018). Developmental trajectories and longitudinal mediation effects of self-esteem, peer attachment, child maltreatment and depression on early adolescents.Child Buse & Eglect, 76, 353-363.
Knudsen, E. I. (2004). Sensitive periods in the development of the brain and behavior.Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16(8), 1412-1425.
Laghi, F., Pallini, S., Baumgartner, E., Guarino, A., & Baiocco, R. (2016). Parent and peer attachment relationships and time perspective in adolescence: Are they related to satisfaction with life?Time & Society, 25(1), 24-39.
Lakey, B., & Orehek, E. (2011). Relational regulation theory: A new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health.Psychological Review, 118(3), 482-495.
Lyons‐Ruth, K., & Block, D. (1996). The disturbed caregiving system: Relations among childhood trauma, maternal caregiving, and infant affect and attachment.Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication of The World Association for Infant Mental Health, 17(3), 257-275.
Messman-Moore, T. L., & Coates, A. A. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological abuse on adult interpersonal conflict: The role of early maladaptive schemas and patterns of interpersonal behavior.Journal of Emotional Abuse, 7(2), 75-92.
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2010).Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. Guilford Publications.
Nicholas, K. B., & Bieber, S. L. (1996). Parental abusive versus supportive behaviors and their relation to hostility and aggression in young adults.Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(12), 1195-1211.
Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1271-1288.
Oshio,T.,Umeda,M., & Kawakami,N. (2013). Childhood adversity and adulthood subjective well-being: Evidence from Japan. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14, 843-860.
Pinheiro M. C., & Matos, P. M. (2013). Peer attachment, coping, and self-esteem in institutionalized adolescents: The mediating role of social skills. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(1), 87-100.
Riggs, S. A. (2010). Childhood emotional abuse and the attachment system across the life cycle: What theory and research tell us. Journal of Aggression. Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(1), 5-51.
Riggs,S.A., & Jacobvitz, D. (2002). Expectant parents' representations of early attachment relationships: Associations with mental health and family history. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70(1), 195-204.
Şimşek, Ö. F. (2011). An intentional model of emotional well-being: The development and initial validation of a measure of subjective well-being.Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(3), 421-442.
Stoltenborgh, M.,Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., Alink, L. R., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2015). The prevalence of child maltreatment across the globe: Review of a series of meta-analyses. Child Abuse Review, 24(1), 37-50.
World Health Organization. (1999).Report of the consultation on child abuse prevention, 29-31 March 1999, WHO, Geneva (No. WHO/HSC/PVI/99.1). World Health Organization.
Wu, Q., Cao, H., Lin, X., Zhou, N., & Chi, P. (2022). Child maltreatment and subjective well-being in Chinese emerging adults: A process model involving self-esteem and self-compassion.Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(15-16)
Wu, Y., Yang, C., & Cai, J. (2020). The effects of college students’ parental and peer attachment on depression: The mediating role of social support and self-efficacy.Advances in Psychology, 10(3), 269-275.
Zhang,Y., Liao,H., Gu,J., & Wang, J. (2022). Anxiety and depression related to childhood maltreatment in teenagers: Comparing multiple individual risk model, cumulative risk model and latent profile analysis. Child Abuse & Neglect, 128, 105630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105630
边玉芳, 梁丽婵, 张颖. (2016). 充分重视家庭对儿童心理发展的重要作用.北京师范大学学报:社会科学版,(5), 46-54.
方杰, 张敏强, 邱皓政. (2012). 中介效应的检验方法和效果量测量:回顾与展望.心理发展与教育, 28(1), 105-111.
高海燕, 朱相华, 陶敏, 周勤, 李娇. (2018). 儿童期受虐待大学生的主观幸福感及其影响因素.中国健康心理学杂志, 26(8), 1240-1244.
琚晓燕, 刘宣文, 方晓义. (2011). 青少年父母-同伴依恋与社会适应性的关系. 心理发展与教育, 27(2), 174-180.
雷雳, 伍亚娜. (2009). 青少年的同伴依恋与其互联网使用的关系. 心理与行为研究,7(2),81-86.
李佳依, 丁菀, 孙赵星, 谢瑞波. (2021). 父母教养投入与儿童孤独感:自尊与同伴依恋的中介作用.中国临床心理学杂志, 29(4), 842-845+849.
吴庆兴, 王美芳. (2014). 亲子依恋-同伴依恋与青少年焦虑症状的关系. 中国临床心理学杂志, 22(4), 684-687.
杨琴, 胡蓉, 曾子豪, 胡义秋, 王宏才. (2021). 儿童期受虐-生活事件和大学生抑郁症状的关系:一个多重中介模型. 中国临床心理学杂志, 29(5), 1023-1031.
于增艳, 赵阿勐, 刘爱书. (2017). 儿童期受虐经历与抑郁的元分析.心理学报, 49(1), 40-49.
俞国良, 李森.(2021). 危机与转机:童年期虐待对青少年心理健康的影响及应对策略.北京师范大学学报:社会科学版,(1), 5-15.
张晓.(2011).童年早期社会能力的发展:一个潜变量增长模型.心理学报,43(12),1388-1397.
张迎黎, 张亚林, 杨峘, 张迎新. (2010). 亲子依恋在儿童期虐待经历与青少年抑郁间的中介作用.中国临床心理学杂志,18(6), 760-762.
赵幸福, 张亚林, 李龙飞, 周云飞, 李鹤展, 杨世昌. (2008). 中文版儿童期虐待问卷的信度和效度.中国临床康复, 9(20), 105-107.
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法.心理科学进展, 12(6),942-950.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	何震, 詹林, 曾子豪, 胡义秋. 羞耻心对青少年主观幸福感的影响——亲社会行为和人际关系的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(2): 172-181.
[2]	李丹, 陈佳宇, 刘思格, 吴德华, 尹华站. 青少年特质感恩与主观幸福感:生命意义的纵向解释作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(1): 28-38.
[3]	张明浩, 王俊儒, 王艳, 杨照黎, 张艳芳, 娄慧琳, 徐晓惠, 徐敏. 生命早期环境不可预测性对初中生抑郁的影响:生命史策略和资源控制策略的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(6): 881-891.
[4]	焦姣, 牡丹, 史璐. 亲密关系满意度对大学生主观幸福感的影响:一项日记追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(5): 720-729.
[5]	刘采梦, 苑广哲, 丁絮, 冯康泓, 黄茗瑜, 林锦祺. 初中生焦虑症状对问题性手机使用的影响:错失恐惧与无法忍受不确定性的序列中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(3): 427-435.
[6]	刘畅, 伍新春, 邹盛奇. 父母协同教养与初中生学校适应:教养投入和亲子依恋的作用及父母差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(2): 226-234.
[7]	周姿言, 胡潇, 张一林, 苏瑞琳, 辛素飞, 盛靓. 负性生活事件与初中生网络成瘾的关系: 社交焦虑和无聊倾向的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(1): 109-116.
[8]	王恩娜, 夏梦雅, 屈笛扬, 张俊杰, 梁凯欣, 肖嘉林, 迟新丽. 家庭功能发展轨迹类型对初中阶段青少年网络成瘾的影响:心理韧性的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(6): 853-864.
[9]	向燕辉, 马丽平. 初中生认知与情感幸福感发展趋势及影响因素: 基于潜变量增长模型分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(5): 645-657.
[10]	黄垣成, 袁湫嵋, 辛婷, 李彩娜. 青少年早期学业成就对主观幸福感的影响：自尊和流动性的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(3): 384-392.
[11]	陆信哲, 王智, 李勇, 王玢莹. 父母暴力暴露对中学生问题行为的纵向影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 231-239.
[12]	秦瑶, 彭运石. 父母教养方式对初中生社交焦虑的影响：同伴接纳和反刍思维的链式中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(1): 103-113.
[13]	邹盛奇, 伍新春. 父母冲突与青少年同伴依恋的关系:亲子依恋的中介作用及性别差异[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 798-807.
[14]	唐莹莹, 蔺秀云, 殷锦绣, 何婷, 周少嘉, 曹志涛. 亲子依恋和祖孙依恋的一致与不一致和儿童主观幸福感的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 859-868.
[15]	吴晓靓, 盖笑松, 李晓天, 顾婷玉, 王宏. 家庭经济压力与初中生幸福感的关系:歧视知觉的中介作用和控制感的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 877-886.