特质正念与大学生焦虑和攻击性的纵向关系：心理弹性的中介和留守经历的调节

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于心理弹性的整合模型和压力与健康关系的终生发展模型,以629名大学生为被试,进行间隔时间为三个月的两次施测,探讨特质正念与大学生焦虑和攻击性的关系及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)特质正念对大学生焦虑和攻击性具有显著的负向预测作用;(2)特质正念通过心理弹性的中介作用预测大学生焦虑和攻击性;(3)留守经历调节了特质正念→心理弹性→焦虑/攻击性的后半段,具体来说,相对于有留守经历的大学生而言,无留守经历大学生心理弹性对焦虑和攻击性的保护作用更为显著。研究结果强调了特质正念和心理弹性是大学生内外化问题的保护因素,而童年期的留守经历是成年后个体心理资源和内外化问题的风险因素,这对大学生内外化问题的干预具有重要的参考价值。

关键词: 特质正念, 焦虑, 攻击性, 心理弹性, 留守经历

Abstract: Based on the integrated model of resilience and the lifelong development model of the relationship between stress and health, this study investigated the relationship of dispositional mindfulness to anxiety and aggressiveness and its inner mechanism. A total of 639 college students in Chongqing were selected to participate in this study, and data were collected from self-report. This study indicated that:(1) Dispositional mindfulness negatively predicted anxiety and aggressiveness among college students; (2) Resilience mediated the relationship of dispositional mindfulness to anxiety and aggressiveness; (3) Left-behind experience moderated the second half of the model (i.e., the link between resilience and anxiety/aggressiveness). Specifically, the mediating effect of resilience was weaker for college students who have a left-behind experience compared to those without such experience. Findings highlight the beneficial effects of dispositional mindfulness and resilience on the maladjustment of college students, and the adverse impact of childhood left-behind experience on individuals' psychological resources and mental health in adulthood.

Key words: dispositional mindfulness, anxiety, aggressiveness, resilience, left-behind experience

中图分类号:

B844

余思, 张春阳, 徐慰. 特质正念与大学生焦虑和攻击性的纵向关系：心理弹性的中介和留守经历的调节[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(5): 711-719.

YU Si, ZHANG Chunyang, XU Wei. The Relationship of Dispositional Mindfulness to Anxiety and Aggressiveness among College Students: The Mediation of Resilience and Moderation of Left-behind Experience[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 711-719.

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