亲子和同伴依恋对初中生心理素质发展的影响:个人中心分析视角

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.04.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在考察初中生心理素质的发展轨迹以及亲子和同伴依恋对其的影响。三所中学的442名初一学生和501名初二学生参加了三轮追踪调查，初测平均年龄M =12.83，SD =0.74。结果发现，初一学生，心理素质发展轨迹可分为中-降组（79%）和高-升组（21%）两个亚群组；且初一上父子依恋或母子依恋水平越高，心理素质发展轨迹为高-升组的概率大于中-降组。初二学生，心理素质发展轨迹可分为低-稳组（84%）和高-升组（16%）两个亚群组；且初二上父子依恋水平越高，心理素质发展轨迹为高-升组的概率大于低-稳组。结果表明初中生心理素质发展轨迹可以分为不同的亚群组类型，父子依恋和母子依恋对初中生心理素质发展有积极作用，这些发现对于初中生心理素质的培养具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 亲子依恋, 同伴依恋, 心理素质, 发展轨迹, 初中生

Abstract: This study explored the trajectory subgroups of adolescents' psychological suzhi and the effects of parental and peer attachment on that by using growth mixture model through person-centered approach. Participants were 943 secondary school students (grades 7~8) from three junior high schools. Participants were measured once every half a year, total three times. The mean age of participants was 12.83 years, SD=0.74 years at T1. Results indicated that, for 7^th grade students, there were two subgroups, namely moderate-decline group (79%) and high-increase group (21%); and if initial level of paternal or maternal attachment was higher, the trajectory of psychological suzhi was more likely to be classified as high-increase group relative to moderate-decline group. For 8^th grade students, there were also two trajectory subgroups of psychological suzhi, namely low-stable group (84%) and high-increase group (16%); and if initial level of paternal attachment was higher, the trajectory of psychological suzhi was more likely to be classified as high-increase group relative to low-stable group. This study suggested that the developmental trajectory of junior high school students' psychological suzhi could be divided into different subgroups. Parent-child attachment relationship quality has a positive effect on the development of psychological suzhi for junior high school students. These findings have certain guiding significance for the cultivation of psychological suzhi among junior high school students.

Key words: parental attachment, peer attachment, psychological suzhi, developmental trajectory, junior high school students

中图分类号:

B844

潘彦谷, 张大均, 李知洋. 亲子和同伴依恋对初中生心理素质发展的影响:个人中心分析视角[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(4): 558-567.

PAN Yangu, ZHANG Dajun, LI Zhiyang. The Effects of Parental and Peer Attachment on Development of Psychological Suzhi among Middle School Students: From Personal-centered Perspective[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(4): 558-567.

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