青少年的气质与烟酒使用:交互效应检验

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 考察气质(意志控制、愤怒挫折、感觉寻求)对青少年烟酒使用的主效应,气质与教养方式(权威、专制、纵容)对烟酒使用的交互效应以及气质间的交互效应.采用随机整群抽样的方法,选取660名青少年为被试,匿名完成气质问卷、教养方式问卷和烟酒使用问卷.结果显示:(1)在控制了性别、年龄、社会经济地位后,气质对青少年烟酒使用具有预测作用,低意志控制、高愤怒挫折、高感觉寻求正向预测烟酒使用;(2)教养方式调节部分气质因素与烟酒使用的关系,具体为:权威和专制教养缓冲感觉寻求的风险作用,符合风险缓冲模型;纵容教养增强感觉寻求的风险作用,符合风险增强模型;(3)气质内部在影响青少年烟酒使用时也存在交互作用,愤怒挫折增强感觉寻求的风险作用,符合风险增强模型.因此,烟酒使用是气质与教养方式及气质间交互作用的产物.

关键词: 烟酒使用, 青少年, 气质, 教养方式, 交互效应

Abstract: This study examined the main effects of temperamental factors(effortful control,anger/frustration,and sensation seeking),the interaction effects between temperament and parenting styles(authoritativeness,authoritarianism,and permissiveness),as well as the interaction effects among temperamental factors on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use.Six hundred and sixty adolescents completed questionnaire measures of temperament,parenting styles,and tobacco and alcohol use.Results revealed that:(1) after controlling for gender,age,and socio-economic status,temperamental factors could predict tobacco and alcohol use in adolescents,specifically,low effortful control,high anger/frustration,and high sensation seeking were associated with more tobacco and alcohol use in adolescents.(2) Parenting styles had moderating effects on some temperamental factors.The risk effect of sensation seeking on tobacco and alcohol use was buffered by authoritative parenting and authoritarian parenting,which was consistent with the risk-buffering model,but enhanced by permissive parenting and anger/frustration,which was consistent with the risk-enhancing model.(3) Interaction effect was also found among temperamental factors.The risk effect of sensation seeking on tobacco and alcohol use was enhanced by anger/frustration.These findings underscore the importance of interaction effects in understanding the etiology of adolescent tobacco and alcohol use.

Key words: tobacco and alcohol use, adolescents, temperament, parenting styles, interaction effects

中图分类号:

B844.2

王艳辉, 张卫, 李董平, 李丹黎, 张晓丽. 青少年的气质与烟酒使用:交互效应检验[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2012, 28(3): 292-300.

WANG Yan-hui, ZHANG Wei, LI Dong-ping, LI Dan-li, ZHANG Xiao-li. Temperament and Adolescent Tobacco and Alcohol Use: A Test of Interaction Effects[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(3): 292-300.

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