小学生算术应用题上真实性思考及相关因素的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用由7道真实性算术应用题构成的测试材料研究了207名六年级小学生。首先要求被试解答这些题目,然后对给出的不同解答作出评定。结果表明:(1)我国六年级小学生在无提示条件下真实性思考的人数比例是36.6%,显著地高于真实性解答的人数比例27.3%。(2)在解题真实性思考上,优生显著地高于中等生,中等生显著地高于差生;在对不确定真实性解答的评分上,优生显著地高于中等生与差生,在对常规性解答的评分上,优生显著地低于中等生与差生。(3)提示条件显著地提高了学生的真实性思考水平,并且与学生的学业水平存在着显著的交互作用;提示条件不影响学生对不确定真实性解答与常规性解答的评分。

关键词: 真实性思考, 真实性题目, 提示条件

Abstract: A test consisting of 7 word problems that were problematic from a realistic point of view was administered to 207 pupils in Grade 6.The subjects were first asked to solve the problems themselves,and afterwards to evaluate four different answers given to each word problem.The results showed that:(1)The percentage of pupils having realistic considerations is 36.6%,higher than the percentage of pupils having realistic answers(27.3%)significantly;(2)In realistic considerations,the high-achievers were better than average-achievers significantly,the average-achievers were better than low-achievers significantly.In evaluating realistic answers "impossible to know",the high-achievers were higher than average-achievers and low-achievers significantly,while in evaluating no-realistic answers they were lower than average-achievers and low-achievers significantly;(3)A significant increase of realistic considerations was due to the instructional condition.And there was significant interaction between instructional factor and mathematical performance.As in evaluating the realistic answers "impossible to know" and no-realistic answers,the instructional condition had no influence on the subjects.

Key words: realistic considerations, problematic word problems, instructional condition

中图分类号:

G442

徐速. 小学生算术应用题上真实性思考及相关因素的研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2006, 22(2): 76-80.

XU Su. A Research on Pupils’ Realistic Considerations on Problematic Word Problems and Related Factors[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2006, 22(2): 76-80.

参考文献

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