留守困境对初中儿童个人成长主动性发展的影响:社会支持的中介作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.03.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用问卷法对5所农村初中的7年级儿童进行每年1次的追踪测查,以3次测查期间一直处于留守状态的363名儿童为分析对象,使用潜变量增长模型考察T1留守困境对儿童个人成长主动性发展轨迹的影响以及社会支持的中介作用。结果发现:初中留守儿童个人成长主动性水平呈线性下降趋势,社会支持水平保持相对稳定;T1留守困境对个人成长主动性的初始水平有负向预测效应、对其发展速度有正向预测力;社会支持的初始水平/发展速度在前述预测关系中依次起部分中介/完全中介作用。可见,留守困境会削弱儿童当下的个人成长主动性,但能减缓其后续下降速度,从而表现出消极影响与积极影响并存的“双刃剑”效应;在此过程中,社会支持的发展起纵向中介作用。

关键词: 初中留守儿童, 留守困境, 个人成长主动性, 社会支持, 潜变量增长模型

Abstract: The survey was conducted with children in Grade 7 from five rural middle schools in Hunan Province three times over two years. 363 children who had been left behind (left-behind children, LBC) during the period were taken as the research objects. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) was used to investigate the influence of T1 left-behind adversity on the development trajectory of personal growth initiative (PGI) and the mediating effect of social support. Results showed that the level of PGI of LBC in junior middle school was linearly decreased, and the level of social support was relatively stable; T1 left-behind adversity was negatively correlated with the intercept of PGI but positively correlated with the slope of PGI, which were partially and fully mediated by the intercept and slope of social support respectively. It can be seen that left-behind adversity will weaken LBC’s current PGI, but slow down its subsequent descent speed concurrently, thus showing a coexistence of negative and positive influences called “double-edged sword” effect. In this process, the development of social support plays a longitudinal mediating role.

Key words: left-behind children in junior middle school, left-behind adversity, personal growth initiative, social support, latent growth modeling

中图分类号:

B844

范兴华, 靳嘉宁, 燕利飞, 李潇潼, 邓汇溪. 留守困境对初中儿童个人成长主动性发展的影响:社会支持的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(3): 427-436.

FAN Xinghua, JIN Jianing, YAN Lifei, LI Xiaotong, DENG Huixi. The Effect of Left-behind Adversity on the Developmental Trajectory of Personal Growth Initiative of Left-behind Children in Junior Middle School: The Mediation of the Developmental Trajectory of Social Support[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2026, 42(3): 427-436.

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