家庭氛围、自尊与心理健康的关系:三年追踪研究

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2025.01.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明家庭氛围、自尊和心理健康的动态相互作用关系,对243名青少年进行了三年三次的追踪调查。结果显示:(1)从T1到T3,自尊水平呈现显著的上升趋势,而家庭氛围和心理健康水平均呈现跨时间的稳定性;(2) T1家庭氛围能正向预测T2心理健康,T2家庭氛围能正向预测T3心理健康,但心理健康均不能预测家庭氛围;(3) T1自尊能正向预测T2心理健康,T2自尊能正向预测T3心理健康,结果仅支持易感模型;(4) T1家庭氛围以T2自尊为部分中介变量间接预测T3心理健康,不存在相互影响效应,以及交叉滞后效应的性别差异不显著,存在跨性别趋同效应。这一发现提示,家庭教育应更关注家庭氛围对青少年自尊和心理健康的作用。

关键词: 家庭氛围, 自尊, 心理健康, 交叉滞后分析

Abstract: To explore the effects of family atmosphere and self-esteem on adolescents’ mental health, we conducted a three-year longitudinal study with an interval of one year from a total of 243 adolescents. Our results demonstrated that: (1) Family atmosphere and mental health were stable across three years with no significant change from each point (T1, T2, T3), whereas self-esteem showed an increasing trend across three years; (2) Cross-lagged analysis showed that only family atmosphere (T1) Could positively predict mental health (T2), and family atmosphere (T2) could positively predict mental health (T3); (3) Only self-esteem (T1) could positively predict mental health (T2), and self-esteem (T2) could positively predict mental health (T3), and it only supported the vulnerability model; (4) Self-esteem (T2) partly mediated the effects of family atmosphere (T1) on mental health (T3), besides, there was no significant gender difference in the cross-lagged model. These findings shed light on the importance of altering family atmosphere and promoting self-esteem in enhancing mental health.

Key words: family atmosphere, self-esteem, mental health, cross-lag analysis

中图分类号:

B844

李启明, 李琪. 家庭氛围、自尊与心理健康的关系:三年追踪研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(1): 77-85.

LI Qiming, LI Qi. The Effect of Family Atmosphere on Self-esteem and Mental Health: A Three-year Longitudinal Study[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(1): 77-85.

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