亲子关系和朋友支持对流动儿童情绪和行为适应的保护作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以1008名初中流动儿童为研究对象，在压力背景下探讨亲子关系和朋友支持对流动儿童不同情绪适应（孤独感、社交焦虑）和行为适应结果（问题行为、亲社会行为）的保护作用，并揭示二者保护作用的适用领域及其差异。结果表明：（1）亲子关系显著预测行为适应，朋友支持显著预测情绪适应和亲社会行为。（2）亲子关系能够缓解压力事件对流动儿童问题行为的消极作用。（3）朋友支持能够缓解压力事件对流动儿童孤独感和社交焦虑的消极作用。（4）尽管亲子关系和朋友支持都能够缓解压力事件对流动儿童亲社会行为的消极作用，但压力事件较少时二者的保护效应更强。这提示流动儿童与父母和朋友的紧密情感联结能够缓解压力事件对其情绪和行为适应的消极作用：父母是缓解行为适应问题的保护因素，朋友是缓解情绪适应问题的保护因素；积极行为适应能够同时获益于父母和朋友支持。

关键词: 流动儿童, 压力事件, 亲子关系, 朋友支持, 情绪行为适应

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the role of parent-child relationship and friend support on the relationship between emotional adjustment (loneliness, social anxiety) and behavioral adjustment (problem behavior, prosocial behavior) in migrant adolescents under the context of daily life stress and whether parents and friends have differential effects on psychological adjustment. 1008 migrant adolescents were recruited from 12 middle schools in Beijing. Results showed that:(1) Migrant adolescents with better parent-child relationship had more prosocial behavior and less problem behavior, while those who had higher friend support experienced lower loneliness and social anxiety and had more prosocial behavior. (2) Parent-child relationship could buffer against the negative effect of stressful events on adolescent problem behavior. (3) Friend support could buffer against the negative effect of stressful events on adolescents' loneliness and social anxiety. (4) Both parent-child relationship and friend support promoted prosocial behavior especially when they experienced less stressful events. These findings suggested that the close emotional connection with parents and friends alleviated the negative effects of stressful events on psychological adjustment. More specifically, parents act as buffers of behavioral problems whereas friends act as buffers of emotional outcomes. Supports from both parents and friends are beneficial to positive behavioral adjustment.

Key words: migrant adolescents, stressful events, parent-child relationship, friend support, emotional and behavioral adjustment

中图分类号:

B844

王晖, 熊昱可, 刘霞. 亲子关系和朋友支持对流动儿童情绪和行为适应的保护作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2018, 34(5): 614-624.

WANG Hui, XIONG Yuke, LIU Xia. The Protective Roles of Parent-child Relationship and Friend Support on Emotional and Behavioral Adjustment of Migrant Adolescents[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(5): 614-624.

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