自发性观点采择对宽恕不同程度人际伤害的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.06.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 设计并采用“换位体验”的社会互动范式，结合自陈报告法和情感错误归因程序的内隐态度研究范式，通过2个实验比较了面对不同程度的人际伤害，自发性观点采择和语言劝说这两种不同的人际伤害消解方式分别对外显和内隐宽恕的影响。结果发现：无论面对何种程度的人际伤害，（1）与自发性观点采择相比，语言劝说可以有效的促进外显宽恕；（2）自发性观点采择可以有效减少负面内隐态度，促进内隐宽恕，而语言劝说会提高负面内隐态度，阻碍内隐宽恕。该研究结果说明不同人际伤害消解方式对内隐和外显宽恕的影响是不同的，同时也证明了观点采择可以在人际互动中自发产生，并且会对人际关系产生隐性影响。

关键词: 自发性观点采择, 语言劝说, 人际伤害, 内隐宽恕, 外显宽恕

Abstract: Combined with self-report questionnaire and the AMP implicit attitude test, "experiencing the other side" paradigm is designed and used to explore the impact of spontaneous perspective taking and verbal persuasion on forgiveness to interpersonal harm in different severity, focusing on the role of spontaneous perspective taking in forgiveness via 2 experiments. Results indicate that:regardless of severity of interpersonal harms, (1) compared with spontaneous perspective taking, verbal persuasion can facilitate explicit forgiveness more effectively; (2) spontaneous perspective taking can significantly reduce explicit negative attitude to transgressors, thereby facilitating explicit forgiveness. By contrast, verbal persuasion increases the explicit negative attitude, hindering explicit forgiveness. The outcomes suggest that the way to resolve conflicts has different effects on forgiveness, and noticeably, in a real-time interactive activity, a process of perspective taking can be triggered automatically, which can affect interpersonal activities implicitly.

Key words: spontaneous perspective taking, verbal persuasion, interpersonal harm, implicit forgiveness, explicit forgiveness

中图分类号:

B844

范若琳, 汝涛涛, 郑允佳, 徐贵平. 自发性观点采择对宽恕不同程度人际伤害的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(6): 774-783.

FAN Ruolin, RU Taotao, ZHENG Yunjia, XU Guiping. The Impact of Spontaneous Perspective Taking on the Forgiveness to Interpersonal Harm of Varying Severity[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(6): 774-783.

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