低自尊个体注意偏向的ERP研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以高兴、愤怒和中性面孔图片为实验材料,采用空间线索任务,借助事件相关电位技术(ERP)探讨低自尊个体注意偏向的内在机制及生理基础,即从电生理的角度,探讨注意偏向的内在机制是反映了注意的快速定向还是注意的解脱困难,亦或是既有快速注意定向又伴随注意的解脱困难。行为数据发现,高低自尊个体在有效提示下的反应显著快于无效提示条件。脑电数据发现,无效提示条件下,愤怒面孔后的靶子比高兴和中性面孔后的靶子在低自尊个体中诱发了更大的P1和更小的N1波幅,有效提示下无显著差异;高自尊个体在N1和P1波幅上无显著结果。晚期P300成分上,无效提示比有效提示诱发了更正的波幅,未发现自尊相关的显著差异。结果表明,低自尊个体对评价性威胁信息(愤怒)的注意偏向是对威胁信息(愤怒)的注意解脱困难。

关键词: 自尊, 注意偏向, 注意定向, 注意解脱, ERP

Abstract: Research has revealed that attentional biases are comprised of rapidly attentional orienting towards threat, difficulty in disengaging attention from threat. However, the neural basis of the component of attentioanl bias is still uncertain. In present study, a spatial cueing task was used to measure attentional biases because this task can differentiate rapidly attentional orienting and difficulty in disengagement. Event related potentials for targets were recorded when participants performed the spatial cueing task. Behavioral data showed that reaction time was longer under invalid condition than valid condition. ERP data revealed that LSE individuals showed more enhanced P1 and smaller N1 amplitude when the face cue was "angry" relative to "neutral" and "happy" on invalid trials. More increased P290-370 amplitude under invalid condition than valid condition. No other significant main or interaction effects were found. These findings suggested that attentional bias in LSE individuals reflect a difficulty in disengaging from threaten stimuli, rather than a rapidly attentional orienting for threaten stimuli.

Key words: self-esteem, attentional bias, attentional orienting, disengagement of attention, ERP

中图分类号:

B844.3

李海江, 贾磊, 罗俊龙, 杨娟, 张庆林, 李冰冰. 低自尊个体注意偏向的ERP研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(1): 2-9.

LI Hai-jiang, JIA Lei, LUO Jun-long, YANG Juan, ZHANG Qing-lin, LI Bing-bing. Attentional Bias among Individuals with Low Self-Esteem：an Event-Related Potential Study[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(1): 2-9.

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