感知到父母施加的学业压力对不同性别青少年心理适应的影响:自我韧性的保护作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2024.04.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在考察青少年感知到父母施加的学业压力对青少年心理适应(抑郁、问题行为)的影响,并探讨自我韧性在该关系中的即时和长期保护作用及其性别差异。我国河南省七所中学的2479名初中学生参加了两轮追踪调查,初测平均年龄M = 13.40,SD = 0.60。结果发现:(1)感知到父母施加的学业压力对女生的抑郁和问题行为有即时和长期预测作用,感知到父母施加的学业压力对男生的抑郁有即时和长期预测作用,对男生的问题行为具有长期而非即时的预测作用;(2)自我韧性能缓解青少年感知到父母施加的学业压力对青少年抑郁、问题行为的不良影响,并且该调节作用具有性别差异;(3)自我韧性能缓解父母学业压力对女生抑郁的即时影响、对男生问题行为的长期影响。研究结果证实了自我韧性保护模型,且对促进青少年心理适应健康发展具有实践意义。

关键词: 感知到父母施加的学业压力, 抑郁, 问题行为, 自我韧性, 即时和长期作用

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure on boys’ and girls’ psychological adaptation (depression, problem behaviors), and to explore the immediate and long-term protective role of ego-resilience in this relationship and its gender differences. 2479 students coming from seven middle schools in Henan Province, China, participated in two waves of follow-up surveys, with mean age at T1 was 13.40 years, SD = 0.60 years. The results found that : (1) Adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure had a direct immediate and long-term predictive effects on girls’ depression and problem behaviors. Adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure had an immediate and long-term predictive effect on boys’ depression, and a long-term rather than immediate predictive effect on boys’ problem behaviors; (2) Ego-resilience mitigates the adverse effects of adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure on adolescents’ depression and problem behaviors, and this moderating effect is gender-specific; (3) Ego-resilience mitigates the immediate effects of adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure on girls’ depression and the long-term effects on boys’ problem behavior. The results confirm the protective model of ego-resilience and have practical significance in promoting the healthy development of adolescents’ mental adaptation.

Key words: adolescents’ perception of parental academic pressure, depression, problem behavior, ego-resilience, immediate and long-term effects

中图分类号:

B844

熊茗伶, 王泉泉, 熊昱可, 江雯琪, 任萍. 感知到父母施加的学业压力对不同性别青少年心理适应的影响:自我韧性的保护作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(4): 542-550.

XIONG Mingling, WANG Quanquan, XIONG Yuke, JIANG Wenqi, REN Ping. The Effect of Adolescents’ Perception of Parental Academic Pressure on Psychological Adaptation:The Protective Role of Ego-resilience[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(4): 542-550.

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