父母婚姻质量与儿童行为问题的追踪研究：儿童努力控制的调节作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究采用母亲报告法,对474名学前儿童进行了为期一年的追踪研究,考察完整家庭中父母婚姻质量对儿童行为问题的影响,以及儿童努力控制的调节作用。结果表明:(1) 父母婚姻质量对学前儿童的外显和内隐行为问题均有即时的负向预测作用;(2) 儿童的努力控制对其当前、后期的外显和内隐行为问题均有负向预测作用;(3) 第一年儿童的努力控制对父母婚姻质量与儿童行为问题之间关系的调节作用成立。

关键词: 学前儿童, 父母婚姻质量, 努力控制, 行为问题, 追踪研究

Abstract: Marital relationship is the core of the stability of family, and parents' marital quality is significantly associated with children's externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. Apart from the environmental factors, children's temperament (e.g. effortful control) might have the direct effect on children's behavior problems. Effortful control refers to the ability to inhibit a dominant response to perform a subdominant response, and it has been suggested as a moderator of the relation between parents' marital quality and children's behavior problems. However, few researches have studied the independent prediction on children's concurrent and later behavior problems from marital quality and effortful control and their interaction, especially in Chinese culture. The present short term longitudinal study aimed to explore concurrent and longitudinal relations among mothers' marital quality, children's effortful control, and children's behavior problems. Participants were 474 children (wave 1, M=49.67 months) as well as their mothers. Mothers reported their own marital quality on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and their children's effortful control on the Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ).Children's behavior problems were also reported by mothers using the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire (SCBE). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the hypotheses.It was found that mothers' marital quality negatively predicted concurrent children's externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. Children's effortful control negatively predicted children's externalizing and internalizing behavior problems currently and one year later. At the first year, children's effortful control moderated the relation between mothers' marital quality and children's externalizing behavior problems. For children with low levels of effortful control, mothers' marital quality could negatively predict children's externalizing behavior problems. In contrast, for children with high levels of effortful control, mothers' marital quality could not predict children's externalizing behavior problems.

Key words: preschoolers, parental marital quality, effortful control, behavior problems, longitudinal study

中图分类号:

B844.1

梁宗保, 张安慰, 张光珍, 宋媛, 邓慧华, 陆祖宏. 父母婚姻质量与儿童行为问题的追踪研究：儿童努力控制的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(5): 525-532.

LIANG Zong-bao, ZHANG An-wei, ZHANG Guang-zhen, SONG Yuan, DENG Hui-hua, LU Zu-hong. A Longitudinal Study of Relations between Parents’ Marital Quality and Children’s Behavior Problems：Moderating Effect of Children’s Effortful Control[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(5): 525-532.

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