不同情绪效价的DRM词表对错误记忆的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 请49名在校大学生对自编的36个具有不同情绪效价的DRM词表进行评定,再以60名在校大学生为实验对象考察不同情绪效价的DRM词表对错误记忆的影响。结果发现,(1) 负性和中性DRM词表产生的错误记忆量显著高于正性DRM词表;(2) 被试在“记得/知道/猜测”判断上对负性和中性词表的关键诱饵倾向于“知道”,而对正性词表的关键诱饵更倾向于“记得”。结果表明,DRM词表本身所具有的情绪与人为诱发的情绪,对错误记忆的影响具有不同的性质和特点。

关键词: 错误记忆, 情绪, DRM词表

Abstract: In previous studies, laboratory induced emotions were usually combined with classic DRM word lists to investigate the effect of emotion on false memory. The results of this paradigm support "emotional-information theory" which considers that negative emotion decreases the probability of false memory, while positive emotion increases the probability of false memory. In present study, we focus on the effect of different DRM word lists with emotional valence on false memory, and we hypothesize that the results of the latter paradigm might be different from that of the former paradigm.The present study was divided into two steps. In the first step, forty nine participants were randomly selected to evaluate each word in the DRM word lists on following dimensions: word familiarity, arousal degree, pleasant degree and BAS. The results showed that there was a significant difference on pleasant degree, while there were no differences on the other three dimensions. In the second step, we investigated the effect of the DRM word lists with emotional valence on false memory. Sixty participants (twenty nine males) are selected. The results showed that (1) error recognition rates of negative and neutral critical lures in the negative and neutral DRM word lists were significantly higher than that of positive critical lures in the positive DRM word lists; (2) participants were inclined to make "know" judgment to negative and neutral critical lures and to make "remember" judgment to positive critical lures. The hypothesis was supported by the results, which was the DRM word lists with emotional valence themselves and the induced emotions have different effects on the false memory.

Key words: false memory, emotion, DRM word lists

中图分类号:

B844.3

张蔚蔚, 高飞, 张庆林. 不同情绪效价的DRM词表对错误记忆的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(4): 337-343.

ZHANG Wei-wei, GAO Fei, ZHANG Qing-lin. The Effect of DRM Word Lists with Emotional Valence on False Memory[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(4): 337-343.

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