主观声旁家族对汉语儿童汉字命名的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.01.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究选取三年级、五年级和七年级学生，采用两个汉字命名实验，考察主观声旁家族对汉字命名的影响。实验一操纵主观声旁家族大小，发现三年级儿童没有表现出家族效应；五年级儿童表现出边缘显著的家族抑制效应，即对大家族的字命名更慢；七年级儿童表现出显著的家族抑制效应。实验二操纵了目标字是否有高频家族成员字（higher frequency neighbors，HFNs）这个变量，发现儿童普遍都表现出HFNs抑制效应，即对有高频家族成员字的目标字命名更慢。以上结果表明随着年级增长，主观声旁家族对儿童命名的影响逐渐增强，且高年级儿童已表现出家族抑制效应，这一表现与普遍出现的HFNs抑制效应有关。

关键词: 儿童, 主观声旁家族, 高频成员字, 汉字命名

Abstract: To explore the impact of subjective phonetic-radical N on character naming in Chinese children, two naming tasks were carried out in 3^rd, 5^th and 7^th grade students. In experiment 1, subjective N size was manipulated, results revealed that 3^rd graders showed null N size effect; 5^th graders showed a marginally significant inhibitory effect of subjective N size, naming characters from small subjective N faster than naming those from large subjective N; while 7^th graders showed a significant inhibitory effect. In experiment 2, the independent variable was whether targets had higher-frequency neighbors, results exhibited that there was a significant inhibitory effect of higher-frequency neighbors, children needed longer reaction times for targets with higher-frequency neighbors than for those without higher-frequency neighbors. The above results suggested that the influence of subjective phonetic-radical N on character naming was gradually enhanced with age, there existed inhibitory effect of subjective N size in senior children. And this influence was related to the inhibitory effect of higher-frequency neighbors.

Key words: children, subjective phonetic-radical neighborhood, high-frequency neighbors, character naming

中图分类号:

G442

古婵媛, 毕鸿燕. 主观声旁家族对汉语儿童汉字命名的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(1): 68-75.

GU Chanyuan, BI Hongyan. The Effect of Subjective Phonetic-radical Neighborhood on Character Naming in Chinese Children[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(1): 68-75.

参考文献

Andrews, S. (1997). The effect of orthographic similarity on lexical retrieval:Resolving neighborhood conflicts.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4(4), 439-461.
Andrews, S. (1989). Frequency and Neighborhood Effects on Lexical Access:Activation or Search? Journal of Experimental Psychology:Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15(5), 802-814.
Cai, Q., & Brysbaert, M. (2010). SUBTLEX-CH:Chinese Word and Character Frequencies Based on Film Subtitles.PLOS ONE, 5(6), Article e10729.http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010729
Carreiras, M., Perea, M., & Grainger, J. (1997). Effects of orthographic neighborhood in visual word recognition:Cross-task comparisons.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Learning Memory and Cognition, 23(4), 857-871.
Castles, A, Davis, C., & Letcher, T. (1999). Neighbourhood effects on masked form priming in developing readers.Language and Cognitive Processes, 14(2), 201-224.
Castles, A., Davis, C., Cavalot, P., & Forster, K. (2007). Tracking the acquisition of orthographic skills in developing readers:Masked priming effects.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 97(3), 165-182.
Charles-Luce, J., & Luce, P. A. (1990). Similarity neighborhoods of words in young children's lexicons.Journal of Child Language, 17, 205-215.
Coady, J. A., & Aslin, R. N.(2003). Phonological neighbourhoods in the developing lexicon.Journal of Child Language, 30(2), 441-469.
Coltheart, M., Davelaar, E., Jonasson, J. T., & Besner, D. (1977). Access to the internal lexicon. In S. Dornic (Ed.), Attention and performance VI (pp. 535-555). Hillsdale, NJ:Eribaum.
Dandurand, F., Grainger, J., Duñabeitia, J. A., & Granier, J.-P. (2011). On Coding Non-Contiguous Letter Combinations.Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 136.
Dollaghan, C. A. (1994).Children's Phonological Neighborhoods:Half Empty of Half Full?. Journal of Child Language, 21(2), 257-271.
Duñabeitia, J. A., & Vidal-Abarca, E. (2008). Children Like Dense Neighborhoods:Orthographic Neighborhood Density Effects in Novel Readers.The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11(1), 26-35.
Grainger, J.(1990). Word frequency and neighborhood frequency effects in lexical decision and naming.Journal of Memory and Language, 29(2), 228-244.
Grainger, J., Lété, B., Bertrand, D., Dufau, S., & Ziegler, J. C. (2012). Evidence for multiple routes in learning to read.Cognition, 123(2), 280-292.
Laxon, V. J., Coltheart, V., & Keating, C. (1988). Children find friendly words friendly too:Words with many orthographic neighbours are easier to read and spell.British Journal of Educational Psychology, 58(1), 103-119.
Li, M.-F., Lin, W.-C., Chou, T.-L., Yang, F.-L., & Wu, J.-T. (2015). The Role of Orthographic Neighborhood Size Effects in Chinese Word Recognition.Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 44(3), 219-236.
Li, Q.L., Bi, H.Y., Wei, T.Q., & Chen, B.G. (2011). Orthographic neighborhood size effect in Chinese character naming:Orthographic and phonological activations.Acta Psychologica, 136(1), 35-41.
Marinus, E., & deJong, P.F. (2010). Size does not matter, frequency does:Sensitivity to orthographic neighbors in normal and dyslexic readers.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 106, 129-144.
Mcclelland, J.L., & Rumelhart, D.E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception:I. An account of basic findings.Psychological Review, 88(5), 375-407.
Sears, C.R., Hino, Y., & Lupker, S.J. (1995). Neighborhood size and neighborhood frequency effects in word recognition.Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance, 21(4), 876-900.
Yao, Y. (2009). Phonological Neighbourhood Development in Children's Lexicons. Uc Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report, 44-63.
Zhao, J., Li, Q.L., & Bi, H.Y. (2012). The Characteristics of Chinese Orthographic Neighborhood Size Effect for Developing Readers.PloS One, 7(10), Article e46922.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.0046922
Zhao, J., Li, Q.L., Ding, G.S., & Bi, H.Y. (2015). Development of neural basis for chinese orthographic neighborhood size effect.Human Brain Mapping, 37(2), 632-647.
Ziegler, J. C., Bertrand, D., Lete, B., & Grainger, J. (2014). Orthographic and Phonological Contributions to Reading Development:Tracking Developmental Trajectories Using Masked Priming.Developmental Psychology, 50(4), 1026-1036.
毕鸿燕, 胡伟, 翁旭初. (2006). 汉语形声字声旁家族大小对整字发音的影响. 心理学报, 38(6), 791-797.
姜敏敏,张积家,李虎. (2011). 声旁家族大小和高频同声旁字对汉字命名的影响. 心理学探新, 31(5), 434-439.
李燕, 康加深. (1993). 现代汉语形声字声符研究. 见陈原(编). 现代汉语用字信息分析(pp. 84-98). 上海:上海教育出版社.
钱怡, 张逸玮, 毕鸿燕. (2015). 汉字识别中的形旁家族效应. 人类工效学, 21(3), 25-30.
舒华, 曾红梅. (1996). 儿童对汉字结构中语音线索的意识及其发展. 心理学报, 28(2), 160-165.
温红博, 唐文君, 刘先伟. (2015). 义务教育阶段学生识字量测验的编制研究. 语言文字应用, (3), 88-100.
周有光. (1980). 汉字声旁读音便查. 长春:吉林人民出版社.

相关文章 15

[1]	储月, 刘希平, 徐慧, 唐卫海. 儿童社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的发展特点[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 153-159.
[2]	刘艳春, 邓玉婷, 张曦. 智力障碍儿童对不同对象的分享行为：心理理论的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 160-168.
[3]	梁丹丹, 闫晓民, 葛志林. 4~8岁汉语高功能自闭症儿童基于语言线索的情绪识别能力发展研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 169-175.
[4]	史梦梦, 任桂琴, 孙军红, 张鑫星. 词汇类型和阅读水平对小学一年级儿童阅读理解监控的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(2): 207-214.
[5]	冷欣怡, 苏萌萌, 李文玲, 杨秀杰, 邢爱玲, 张湘琳, 舒华. 家庭环境与农村儿童早期语言发展的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(1): 8-18.
[6]	赵京伟, 陈晓旭, 任立文, 耿喆, 徐夫真. 父母心理控制与小学儿童焦虑：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40(1): 93-102.
[7]	朱娜平, 刘雁伶, 熊红梅, 赵攀. “公无远近”有早晚:不同资源分配情境中儿童公平规范执行行为发展特点[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 772-780.
[8]	颜志强, 周可, 曾晓, 徐惠, 朱晓倩, 张娟. 学前期儿童执行功能与攻击性行为的关系:认知共情的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(6): 788-797.
[9]	任立文, 马原驰, 张清瑶, 张玲玲, 徐夫真. 父母心理控制与儿童学校适应的关系:基于交叉滞后的分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 635-644.
[10]	李甜甜, 董会芹. 父母冲突知觉与儿童焦虑情绪:正负性信息注意偏向的中介作用及性别的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(4): 488-496.
[11]	银小兰, 周路军, 朱翠英. 学校环境对农村留守儿童亲社会行为的影响:心理资本与生活满意度的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(4): 497-504.
[12]	赵纤, 王志航, 王东方, 袁言云, 尹霞云, 黎志华. 贫困家庭儿童在青少年早期的亲社会行为发展轨迹:性别及父母教养方式异质性的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(3): 323-332.
[13]	张玉平, 董琼, 宋爽, 舒华. 小学低年级儿童的阅读发展轨迹:早期语言认知技能的预测作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(2): 210-218.
[14]	李君, 王悦, 陈夏妮, 李莹. 二语学习对汉语学龄儿童认知控制与词汇通达的作用——年龄和二语熟练程度的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(2): 219-227.
[15]	鲁明辉, 王融, 张丽敏. 父母心理弹性与自闭症谱系障碍儿童情绪行为问题的关系:一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(2): 247-254.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed