心理发展与教育 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 257-264.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2020.03.01

• 认知与社会性发展 •    下一篇

表面相似性对数量关系和相对大小关系理解的影响

韩瑽瑽1, 陈英和2, 于晓2, 邓之君3, 刘静4, 侯江文5, 林燕燕6   

  1. 1. 山东师范大学心理学院, 济南 250358;
    2. 北京师范大学心理学部发展心理研究院, 北京 100089;
    3. 中华女子学院儿童发展与教育学院, 北京 100101;
    4. 山东省威海市文登区龙港实验幼儿园, 威海 264400;
    5. 山东省威海市文登区大众小学, 威海 264400;
    6. 山东省威海市文峰小学, 威海 264400
  • 发布日期:2020-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 于晓,E-mail:yx0903yingzhong@163.com E-mail:yx0903yingzhong@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省高等学校人文社会科学计划项目（J15WC01）；国家社科基金重大项目（14ZDB160）；山东师范大学教学改革研究项目（2018M49）；北京师范大学2018年度博一学科交叉基金项目（BNUXKJC1817）。

The Influence of Surface Similarity on the Understanding of Relational Similarity

HAN Congcong1, CHEN Yinghe2, YU Xiao2, DENG Zhijun3, LIU Jing4, HOU Jiangwen5, LIN Yanyan6   

  1. 1. School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358;
    2. School of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875;
    3. School of Child Development and Education, China Women's University, Beijing, 100101;
    4. Weihai Wendeng Longgang Experimental Kindergarten, Weihai, 264400;
    5. Weihai Wengdeng Dazhong primary school, Weihai, 264400;
    6. Weihai Wengdeng Wenfeng primary school, Weihai, 264400
  • Published:2020-06-02

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摘要： 研究采用数量关系匹配任务和相对大小关系匹配任务，通过高表面相似性、低表面相似性和交叉映射三种实验条件，探讨表面相似性对儿童和成人数量与相对大小关系理解的影响。研究一对37名4岁儿童进行三次每次间隔半年的追踪测查，结果表明4~5岁间儿童理解数量关系和相对大小关系的水平有显著提高；4岁儿童对数量关系的理解受到表面相似性的影响，4~5岁儿童对相对大小关系的理解受到表面相似性的影响。研究二探究44名成人数量和相对大小关系理解的特点，结果发现，成人完成两种关系匹配任务时也受到表面相似性的影响。

关键词: 表面相似性, 交叉映射效应, 追踪研究

Abstract: The present study used numerical matching task and relative size matching task, both of which include high surface similarity condition, low surface similarity condition and crossmapping condition, to investigate the influence of surface similarity on children and adults' understanding of relational similarity. In experiment 1, 37 children were tested at three points in a one-year longitudinal study. The results revealed that children's relational understanding improved from age four to age five. Surface similarity influenced 4-year-olds' numerical relational understanding and relative size understanding of 4-year-olds and 5-year-olds. In experiment 2, 44 adults completed the same two matching tasks on computer. The results showed that surface similarity influenced adults' relational understanding.

Key words: surface similarity, crossmapping effect, longitudinal study

中图分类号: 

  • B844
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