心理发展与教育 ›› 2002, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 11-16.

• 认知与社会性发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

因果变化模式与因果联结强度在幼儿因果推理中的作用

胡清芬, 林崇德   

  1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 北京100875
  • 出版日期:2002-10-15 发布日期:2002-10-15
  • 作者简介:胡清芬(1976- ),女,汉族,北京师范大学发展心理研究所博士研究生.

Young Children’s Ability of Causal Inferences in Different Patterns of Variation and Covariation

HU Qing-fen, LIN Chong-de   

  1. Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
  • Online:2002-10-15 Published:2002-10-15

摘要: 对93名幼儿进行了五种因果变化模式的因果推理题目的测试。结果表明:(1)在不同的因果变化模式下,被试进行因果推理的成绩存在差异,且在对于这五类题目的掌握上具有一定的顺序。(2)被试在同样因果变化模式题目的表现之间具有较高的相似性,而在因果联结强度相同的题目之间则具有显著的差异。(3)被试对于各题目回答的正确率并不随原因与结果联结次数的增多而提高。(4)即使是在观察到的刺激完全一致的情况下,被试的回答仍会因因果变化模式的差异及主试对于题目解释的不同而存在差别。

关键词: 因果共变模式, 因果联结强度, 因果推理, 幼儿

Abstract: The present study investigated how young children make accurate causal inferences on the basis of five patterns of variation and covariation.The results were as follows: (1) In these different patterns of variation and covariation,the children showed different ability in reasoning and they have more difficulty in some special patterns.(2) The children's ability of causal inferences in these five patterns developed in order.(3) The children's performance didn't improved according to the increasing in times of contingency.(4) Children use the information of different patterns of variation and covariation,rather than times of contingency of potential cause and effect in their causal inferences.

Key words: patterns of variation and covariation, times of contingency, causal inference

中图分类号: 

  • B842.5
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