内部动机、外部动机与创造力的关系研究

心理发展与教育 ›› 2001, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 6-11.

内部动机、外部动机与创造力的关系研究

薛贵¹, 董奇¹, 周龙飞¹, 张华¹, 陈传生²

1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 100875;
2. 美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校

出版日期:2001-01-15 发布日期:2001-01-15
作者简介:薛贵,(1977- ),男,汉族,重庆人,北京师范大学发展心理研究所硕士生.
基金资助:
教育部人文社科专项任务基金的资助

The relationship of Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Motivation to Creativity

薛贵¹, 董奇¹, 周龙飞¹, 张华¹, 陈传生²

1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 100875;
2. 美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校

Online:2001-01-15 Published:2001-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以277名文科三、四年级的大学生为被试,综合考察在故事、连线和命名任务下,内部动机,外部动机对创造力表现的影响。多变量方差分析发现,对于三个测验的共同部分,内部动机和外部动机的主效应均显著,但交互作用不显著。分别对每个任务进行方差分析发现,对于连线任务而言,内部动机和外部动机的主效应均显著;对于命名任务而言,外部动机的主效应显著,内部动机的主效应不显著;对于故事任务而言,内部动机和外部动机的主效应不显著。内部动机与外部动机之间在三个任务中均不存在显著的交互作用。多重回归分析发现,对于不同的任务,内部动机与外部动机的贡献显著不同。

关键词: 创造力, 外部动机, 内部动机, 认知需求

Abstract: The relation between motivation and creativity has long been viewed as one of the important area in creativity research.In the present study,We explored the relationship and the unique contribution of intrinsic notivation,extrinsic motivation to creativity in the undergraduate students.Need for cognition Scale was administrated to 277 senior and undergraduate students major in social science.Multiple analysis of variance(MANOVA)showed that the main effects of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation were both significant for the common part of the three creativity tasks,but their interaction was not significant.Further analysis indicated that there were no significant interaction between intrinsic notivation and extrinsic motivation in all three creative tasks.There were significant main effects of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in connection task.As for the naming task,the main effect of extrinxic motivation was significant while that of intrinsic motivation was not.As for the story task,neither of the main effects of intrinsic and extrinsic was significant.Hierarchical Multiple Regression(HMR)showed the unique contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to creativity were obviously task-related.

Key words: Creativity, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, Need for cognition

中图分类号:

B848.2

薛贵, 董奇, 周龙飞, 张华, 陈传生. 内部动机、外部动机与创造力的关系研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2001, 17(1): 6-11.

薛贵, 董奇, 周龙飞, 张华, 陈传生. The relationship of Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Motivation to Creativity[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2001, 17(1): 6-11.

参考文献

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[2] Sternberg, R.J. (1988). A three-facet model of creativity. In R. J. Steinberg(Ed.), the nature of creativity(PP, 125-147). New York: Cambridge University Press.
[3] Feldhusen, J. F. (1995). Creativity: A knowledge base metacognitive skills, and personality factors. Journal of Creative Behavior, 29, 255-268.
[4] Collins, M. N. & Amabile, T. M. (1999). Motivation and Creativity. In Stemberg, Robert J. (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity (pp, 297-312). New York: Cambridge University Press.
[5] 董奇.《儿童创造力发展心理学》,浙江教育出版社,1993:194-196.
[6] Amabile, T. M, Hill, K. G., Hennessey, B. A.& Tighe,E. M. (1994). The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivation orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66,950-967.
[7] Cacioppo, J. T, Prtty, R.E., Feinstein, J.A. & Jarvis,W. B. G. (1996), Dispositional difference in cognitive motivation:the life and times of individuals varying in need for cognition. Psychology Bulletin, 119, 197-253.
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