面孔线索对4~6岁幼儿真人与卡通面孔记忆的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.04.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对真人面孔与卡通面孔记忆线索的比较研究，有助于深入认识儿童的面孔认知机制。采用“学习-再认”范式，以内部线索面孔、外部线索面孔和完整面孔为刺激材料，探究面孔线索对4~6岁幼儿真人与卡通面孔记忆的影响。结果发现：（1）女童对真人面孔的记忆显著优于卡通；（2）对卡通面孔的记忆，男童显著优于女童；（3）对真人面孔：完整面孔记忆显著优于内部线索面孔与外部线索面孔；对卡通面孔：外部线索面孔记忆最佳，其次完整面孔，内部线索面孔最低；（4）幼儿对外部与内部线索面孔的记忆能力随年龄逐步提高，6岁显著优于4岁。综上，幼儿对真人面孔与卡通面孔的记忆模式存在差异；且面孔类别、性别、面孔线索与年龄等因素均影响幼儿的面孔记忆。

关键词: 幼儿, 真人面孔, 卡通面孔, 面孔线索, 面孔记忆

Abstract: A comparative study of memory clues between real face and cartoon face can deepen the understanding of children's face recognition mechanism. With paradigm of learning-recognition and stimuli of internal-clue-face, external-clue-face and whole face, the effect of clues on preschoolers' real and cartoon face memory was explored in the present study. The results showed that:(1) females' real face recognition was significantly better than cartoon face recognition; (2) males' cartoon face recognition was better than females'; (3) for real face, recognition of whole face was significantly better than internal-clue-face and external-clue-face; for cartoon face, recognition of external-clue-face was best, followed by whole face and then internal-clue-face; (4) recognition of external-clue-face and internal-clue-face increased by age, and 6-year-olds' were significantly better than 4-year-olds'. To sum up, there was difference in children's memory pattern of real face and cartoon face; face category, gender, face clue and age all influence preschoolers' face memory.

Key words: preschooler, real face, cartoon face, face clue, face memory

中图分类号:

B844

郑晨烨, 黄焰, 王静梅, 姜存对, 卢英俊. 面孔线索对4~6岁幼儿真人与卡通面孔记忆的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(4): 472-480.

ZHENG Chenye, HUANG Yan, WANG Jingmei, JIANG Cundui, LU Yingjun. The Effect of Face Clues on Real and Cartoon Face Memory of 4~6-year-olds[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(4): 472-480.

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