幼儿地图定向任务中几何线索的运用及发展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 几何线索对儿童理解地图与现实空间之间的对应关系具重要意义。目前研究以几何地图为材料,通过定向任务,考察儿童对不同几何线索(拓扑关系、欧式几何特征、度量结构)的利用与发展,揭示了儿童对地图与现实空间之间对应关系的认知过程。研究发现,3岁儿童已初步发展出使用欧氏几何特征和度量结构表征空间位置的能力;但不同欧式几何特征(相对距离、角度、方向)被儿童掌握的时间存在明显差别;关于拓扑关系的研究较少,尚未掌握儿童利用该线索的发展规律。提高生态效度是未来研究需解决的主要问题。

关键词: 拓扑关系, 欧氏几何特征, 度量结构, 地图, 幼儿

Abstract: Geometric cues play an important role in children's understanding of spatial relation correspondence between map and the real world. Previous works have adopted mapping task, and use geometric maps to reveal the cognitive process of preschooler's ability to use different kind of geometric cues (topological cues, Euclidean properties, metric coordinates) in solving spatial relation correspondence. These studies have found that by the age of 3, children began to show the ability to extract Euclidean properties and metric coordinates from maps to guide their search for the target location. However, different Euclidean properties (distance, angle, direction) are grasped at different ages. Lacking research on topological relationships in this area, the developmental law of the capability to master this cue is still unknown. The necessity to enhance the ecological validity is proposed based on the review.

Key words: topological relationships, Euclidean properties, metrical coordinates, map, young children

中图分类号:

B844.1

卢静, 胡清芬. 幼儿地图定向任务中几何线索的运用及发展[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(4): 434-440.

LU Jing, HU Qing-fen. Geometric Cues and its Development and Application in Preschooler’s Ability to Solve Mapping Tasks[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(4): 434-440.

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