部分线索对记忆提取的影响：理论解释的演变

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.02.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以已学的部分内容作为提取线索,会如何影响对剩余(目标)内容的回忆？研究者最初主要关注部分线索的损害作用,但随着研究的进展,研究者发现部分线索对记忆的影响存在多样性。其理论假说也经历了从单一机制到多机制的整合演变:部分线索通过竞争、抑制或策略破坏损害记忆提取,而通过编码情境再激活促进回忆。通过对上述理论进行回顾与对比分析,提出未来研究需进一步明确编码情境被破坏的不同方式间的交互影响,厘清部分线索干扰与促进效应的边界条件,解读多种影响因素如何通过级联效应进而影响部分线索的作用,同时还需关注社会交互情境中的部分线索如何影响他人的记忆。

关键词: 部分线索, 记忆提取, 作用机制, 干扰, 促进

Abstract: Previous studies have explored the underlying mechanisms of part-list cuing on memory retrieval. From the initial focus on the detrimental effect of part-list cuing, researchers have recently begun to focus on the multiple effect of part-list cuing, and accordingly, hypotheses about part-list cuing have undergone an evolution from single-to multi-mechanism: Part-list cuing impair memory retrieval through competition, inhibition, or strategy disruption, while facilitating recall through encoding context reactivation. Based on a review and reflection of the above accounts, it is argued that future research needs to further clarify the interaction effects between the different ways in which encoding contexts are disrupted, to clarify the boundary conditions of the impairment and facilitation effect of part-list cuing, and to decipher how multiple influences affect the role of part-list cuing through cascade effects. At the same time, it is also necessary to focus on how part-list cuing in social interaction contexts affect the memory of others.

Key words: part-list cuing, memory retrieval, underlying mechanism, impairment, facilitation

中图分类号:

B844

刘湍丽, 许杨, 白学军. 部分线索对记忆提取的影响：理论解释的演变[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(2): 285-294.

LIU Tuanli, XU Yang, BAI Xuejun. The Influence of Part-list Cuing on Memory Retrieval: Integrated Evolution from Single-to Multi-mechanism[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2026, 42(2): 285-294.

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