3～6岁儿童信念理解能力的发展研究

心理发展与教育 ›› 2009, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 15-20.

3～6岁儿童信念理解能力的发展研究

张婷^1,2,3, 李红^1,2,3, 曾维希^1,2, 张莉^1,4, 廖渝^1,2,3

1. 西南大学心理学院, 重庆 400715;
2. 认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715;
3. 中加联合儿童发展研究中心, 重庆 400715;
4. 江苏科技大学学工办, 江苏张家港 615600

出版日期:2009-10-15 发布日期:2009-10-15
通讯作者: 李红,西南大学心理学院教授.E-mail:lihong1@swu.edu.cn E-mail:lihong1@swu.edu.cn

The Development of 3-to 6-year-old Children’s Belief Reasoning

ZHANG Ting^1,2,3, LI Hong^1,2,3, ZEN Wei-xi^1,2, ZHANG Li^1,4, LIAO Yu^1,2,3

1. School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 China;
2. Key Laboratory of Personality and Cognition, Ministry of Education 400715 China;
3. Sino-Canadian Research Center for Child Development, Chongqing 400715 China;
4. JiangSu Technology Universtiy, Zhang Jiagang, Jiangsu 615600

Online:2009-10-15 Published:2009-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究设计了冲突真实信念任务,用于考察儿童对真实信念的理解;并利用区分信念、冲突真实信念和意外地点的错误信念任务,考察儿童理解信念推理基本规则、真实信念和错误信念的发展顺序。97名3~6岁儿童完成了测试。结果显示,3岁儿童能理解信念推理的基本规则,5岁儿童能理解真实信念,6岁儿童能理解错误信念。结果支持了儿童先理解真实信念,后理解错误信念的发展模式;也说明在理解信念以前儿童已能掌握信念推理的基本规则。

关键词: 心理理论, 信念推理, 真实信念, 错误信念, 幼儿

Abstract: To examine when children can understand true belief,and examine the developmental trajectory of understanding the rule of belief reasoning,true belief and false belief,diverse belief task,conflict true belief task and location false belief task were used.97 3-to 6-year-old children finished diverse belief task,conflict true belief task and location false belief task.3-year-old children passed the diverse belief task,5-year-old children passed the conflict true belief task,6-year-old children passed the location false belief task.Results support the developmental order that children understand true belief firstly,and then false belief.Moreover,the results declare that before children can understand belief,they have already known the rule of belief reasoning.

Key words: theory of mind, belief reasoning, true belief, false belief

中图分类号:

B844.1

张婷, 李红, 曾维希, 张莉, 廖渝. 3～6岁儿童信念理解能力的发展研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2009, 25(4): 15-20.

ZHANG Ting, LI Hong, ZEN Wei-xi, ZHANG Li, LIAO Yu. The Development of 3-to 6-year-old Children’s Belief Reasoning[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2009, 25(4): 15-20.

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