信息反馈不一致导致习得无助机制的实验研究

心理发展与教育 ›› 2005, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 42-47.

信息反馈不一致导致习得无助机制的实验研究

曹新美¹, 郭德俊²

1. 赣南师范学院教科系, 江西, 赣州, 341000;
2. 首都师范大学心理系, 北京, 100037

出版日期:2005-04-15 发布日期:2005-04-15
作者简介:曹新美,女,江西赣州人,赣南师院教育科学与技术系副教授.E-mail:xinmeicao@yahoo.com.cn

Experimental Study on the Learned Helplessness Mechanism Resulted from Inconsistence of Information Feedback

CAO Xin-mei¹, GUO De-jun²

1. Department of Teaching Science and Technology, Gannan Tearchers' College, Ganzhou, 341000;
2. Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037

Online:2005-04-15 Published:2005-04-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究以90名大学生为被试,探讨认知活动中,信息反馈不一致性和操作成绩评价反馈导致大学生无助现象的机制。结果表明:认知活动中,信息反馈不一致,损害了被试的认知和情绪,对动机的损害没有达到显著性水平;实验中是否给予被试操作成绩评价,对被试的动机、认知和情绪影响不显著。说明在认知活动中,信息反馈不一致,是导致习得无助的关键因素,是否对被试的操作成绩给予评价反馈,不会导致习得无助,验证了习得无助的信息加工理论模型。实验也表明,信息反馈不一致不会形成被试反应性的抑郁。

关键词: 信息反馈, 评价反馈, 习得无助, 机制

Abstract: This experiment was conducted on 90 subjects to investigate why uncontrol able cognition,which is caused by inconsistence of information feedback,could lead to learned helplessness.The result showed that,inconsistence of information feedback damaged cognition,emotion and the following task performance under uncontrollable circumstance;While the objective performance evaluation or repeated negative evaluations would not initiate helplessness and no interfered with motivation,cognition and emotion;Uncontrollability over behavioral outcomes and the feedback on outcomes had notable effection cognition,emotion and task performance.It could be concluded that the inconsistence of information feedback in cognitive activities is the critical factor that result in helplessness, and it couldn't lead to learned helplessness whether the subjects were given achievement feedback in their manipulation;while the theory model of learned helplessness was further testify on the information processing.This experiment also indicated that the inconsistence of information feedback couldn't form the responded depression to the subjects.

Key words: Information feedback, appraisal feedback, learned helplessness, mechanism

中图分类号:

B844.2

曹新美, 郭德俊. 信息反馈不一致导致习得无助机制的实验研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2005, 21(2): 42-47.

CAO Xin-mei, GUO De-jun. Experimental Study on the Learned Helplessness Mechanism Resulted from Inconsistence of Information Feedback[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2005, 21(2): 42-47.

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