心理发展与教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 544-552.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.04.09

• 教与学心理 • 上一篇    

小学新生朗读流畅性的发展轨迹及其对三年级阅读理解的预测作用

甘严1,2, 柏霁容2, 罗明玥2, 范奕敏2, 刘苗苗2,3, 闫梦格2,4, 苏永强2,5, 李虹2   

  1. 1. 四川师范大学心理学院, 成都 610066;
    2. 北京师范大学心理学部, 儿童阅读与学习研究院, 应用实验心理北京市重点实验室, 心理学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京师范大学), 北京 100875;
    3. 河南师范大学教育学部, 新乡 453007;
    4. 南洋理工大学国立教育学院, 新加坡 637616;
    5. 绍兴文理学院心理学系, 绍兴 312000
  • 发布日期:2026-07-04
  • 通讯作者: 李虹 E-mail:psy.lihong@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“AI赋能因材施教:基于智能体的学习困难的多层级评估与个体化干预体系研究”(BBA250057)。

The Developmental Trajectory of Reading Fluency in First Grade and Its Predictive Effects on Reading Comprehension in Third Grade among Chinese First-grade Students

GAN Yan1,2, BAI Jirong2, LUO Mingyue2, FAN Yimin2, LIU Miaomiao2,3, YAN Mengge2,4, SU Yongqiang2,5, LI Hong2   

  1. 1. College of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066;
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Institute of Children's Reading and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
    3. Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007;
    4. National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616;
    5. Department of Psychology, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000
  • Published:2026-07-04

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摘要： 本研究通过三年追踪考察了154名小学一年级儿童初入学一年内的不同维度朗读流畅性的发展轨迹及其对三年级时阅读理解的独特预测作用。采用潜变量增长模型分析结果发现:(1)侧重解码速度的字表朗读流畅性呈先快后慢的非线性发展趋势,基于连续文本的篇章朗读流畅性呈现越来越快的加速发展趋势,侧重解码准确性的一分钟字表朗读流畅性呈线性发展趋势;(2)控制阅读相关认知技能、识字量与口语词汇水平后,仅有一分钟字表朗读流畅性的初始水平和发展速度均对三年级时的阅读理解水平有独特预测作用。研究结果揭示了汉字解码准确性在儿童早期阅读发展中的重要作用,读得越快并不能代表未来越好,这一点对一年级语文课堂教学有一定启示作用。

关键词: 一年级, 朗读流畅性, 发展轨迹, 阅读理解

Abstract: This three-year longitudinal study tracked 154 Chinese first-grade children to examine the developmental trajectories of multi-dimensional reading fluency during the initial year of formal schooling and their unique predictive effects on third-grade reading comprehension. Results of latent growth modeling revealed: (1) Character reading fluency (focusing on decoding speed) exhibited a non-linear pattern characterized by rapid initial growth followed by deceleration, whereas passage reading fluency (focusing on connected text) demonstrated an accelerating progression over time. In contrast, one-minute character reading fluency (emphasizing both decoding speed and accuracy) progressed linearly; (2) After controlling for reading-related cognitive skills, character recognition ability, and oral vocabulary, only the initial level and growth rate of one-minute character reading fluency uniquely predicted third-grade reading comprehension. These findings underscore the critical role of decoding accuracy in early Chinese reading development, indicating that faster reading rates do not necessarily portend superior future outcomes. This carries pedagogical implications for first-grade literacy instruction.

Key words: first grade, reading fluency, early developmental trajectories, reading comprehension

中图分类号: 

  • G442
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