父母温暖与学龄儿童执行功能的双向关系及其对学业适应的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2025.05.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究采用父母教养方式问卷、执行功能行为评定量表(第二版)和小学生心理素质量表对广东省513名学龄儿童进行三次追踪研究,采用随机截距交叉滞后模型(RI-CLPM)考察父母温暖与儿童执行功能的动态双向关系,并在此基础上探究两者对儿童学业适应的影响及其机制。结果发现:在个体内层面,T1和T2父母温暖均显著正向预测T2和T3儿童执行功能,T1儿童执行功能显著正向预测T2父母温暖。在个体间层面,父母温暖均与儿童执行功能显著正相关。此外,T1父亲、母亲温暖的增加均可以通过T2和T3儿童执行功能的提升进而影响T3儿童学业适应。研究从个体内层面揭示父母温暖的提升有助于儿童执行功能和学业适应水平的提升,同时,儿童执行功能的改善也有助于父母温暖的增加。

关键词: 父母温暖, 执行功能, 学业适应, 个体间, 个体内

Abstract: The present study used RI-CLPMs to capture the reciprocal relationship between parental warmth and children’s EF at within-person level, and then mediating models were established to examine the effects of EF and parental warmth on children’s academic adjustment. A total of 513 school-aged children (Wave 1: mean_age = 10.57 years, SD = 0.93; 50.80% boys, 49.20% girls) were recruited from Guangdong Province, and three-wave longitudinal design (three months apart) was conducted. Children reported their own EF and parental warmth on Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-2 (BRIEF-2) and Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran-Child (EMBU-C) at three time points, and reported their academic adjustment on Psychological Suzhi Measure for Pupils (PSMP) at T3. The results were as follows: at the within-person level, expect for the path from children EF at T2 to both parental warmth at T3, the cross-lagged paths between paternal or maternal warmth and children’s EF were statistically significant, that is, the fluctuations in paternal or maternal warmth could significantly predicted the fluctuations in children’s EF at later time point, and vice verse. At the between-person level, there were significantly positive relations between children’s EF and both maternal and paternal warmth, indicating that children whose fathers or mothers performed higher warmth across the three waves also performed stronger levels of EF across the three waves. Besides, increases in both maternal and paternal warmth at T1 could predict later promotion in children’s EF at T2 and T3, which in turn would predict higher academic adjustment at T3, but the indirect paths from children’s EF to academic adjustment via paternal or maternal warmth were not supported. This study reveals that at the within-person level, the improvement of parental warmth is conducive to the improvement of children’s executive function and academic adjustment level, and the improvement of children’s executive function is also conducive to the increase of parental warmth.

Key words: parental warmth, executive function, academic adjustment, between-person, within-person

中图分类号:

B844

刘玉清, 乔晓光, 张思敏, 邢晓沛. 父母温暖与学龄儿童执行功能的双向关系及其对学业适应的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(5): 639-651.

LIU Yuqing, QIAO Xiaoguang, ZHANG Simin, XING Xiaopei. The Reciprocal Relations between Parental Warmth and Executive Function and Their Influence on Later Academic Adjustment of School-age Children[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(5): 639-651.

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