Table of Content

15 January 2023, Volume 39 Issue 1

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The Role of Inhibitory Control in the Development of Analogical Mapping: Cognitive Load Matters

YU Xiao, ZHANG Heyi, QI Yue, CHEN Yinghe, LIU Haoning, ZHAO Yuxi, QIAO Xuewen

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  1-11.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.01

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The negative priming (i.e., hereafter referred to as NP) paradigm was designed to provide evidence that inhibitory control is important in situations that contain conflicting information. This study aimed to investigate the role of inhibitory control and cognitive load in analogical mapping with the NP paradigm among children at different ages and adults. In Experiment 1, thirty-one 7-year-olds, thirty-three 10-year-olds, and thirty-four adults were administered with a high-cognitive-load NP analogical size-mapping task. Findings demonstrated that the NP effects in all participants and the effects decreased with age. In Experiment 2, thirty 7-year-olds, thirty 10-year-olds, and thirty-two adults completed a similar task of which the cognitive load was lower than the task in Experiment 1.Results showed the NP effects across all age groups, while there was no age difference in Experiment 2.The current study suggests the importance of inhibitory control and cognitive load in the development of analogical mapping.

Influence of Experience of Lovelortedness on Attentional Bias of Love-related Stimuli: Approach or Avoidance?

ZHANG Yan, WANG Zheng, LUO Na, WANG Xiaoying, LI Xiaonan

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  12-20.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.02

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In order to explore the effect of lovelorn experience on attention bias of love related stimuli, eye movement and event-related potential techniques were used to investigate the eye movement and ERP characteristics of lovelorn and lovelorn individuals in the face of positive and negative love information. Through two experiments, it was found that the interaction between picture type and lovelorn experience reached a statistically significant level in the total fixation time and the number of fixation points. The participants with lovelorn experience had more fixation points and longer fixation time than those without lovelorn experience. ERP experiment results show that the N1 peak induced by positive love pictures is larger than that induced by negative love pictures, and the N1 latency of the subjects with lovelorn experience to positive pictures is significantly faster than that of the subjects without lovelorn experience. The P1 peak of the subjects with lovelorn experience on positive love pictures is smaller than that of the subjects without lovelorn experience. The study revealed that there were significant differences in eye movement characteristics and neurophysiology between groups with and without lovelorn experience. People with lovelorn experiences tend to pay attention to negative love pictures in behavior, while those without lovelorn experience tend to pay attention to positive love pictures in neurophysiology.

The Relationship between Co-parenting by Grandparents and Parents and False Belief Understanding of Preschool Children: The Role of Parent-child Attachment and Co-residence with Grandparents

CHEN Chuanfeng, GE Guohong, LU Danfeng, YUE Huilan

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  21-30.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.03

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To examine the relationship between parenting style and false belief understanding of children co-parenting by grandparents and parents, and explore the mediating effect of Parent-child attachment, the method of convenient sampling were used to investigate 345 preschool children and their main custodian in three kindergartens in a city. Children were asked to conduct experimental measurements of false belief understanding, and their main custodian were asked to answer the questionnaires of parenting style and parent-child attachment. The results indicated that:(1) Styles of Co-parenting by parents and by grandparents have significant effects on Children's false belief understanding and parent-child attachment:the level of false belief understanding and parent-child attachment of children co-residing with grandparents in the family are lower than that of children without grandparents co-residence in the family; (2)The parent-child attachment play a mediating role between children's false belief understanding and parenting styles of family co-parenting by grandparents and by parents; (3)The parenting styles of family co-parenting have a moderating effects in the relationship among parenting conflict, parent-child attachment and the false belief understanding of children, the parenting conflict in the family of co-residence negatively predict children's parent-child attachment.

The Relationship between the Friendship Quality and Loneliness during Childhood: Analysis of the Covariant Effects of Coping Styles

SU Zhiqiang, MA Zhengyu

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  31-39.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.04

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In order to reveal the development relationship between friendship quality and loneliness during childhood. This study targeted 771 elementary school students in grades 3 and 4, and through the use of The friendship quality scale, Loneliness questionnaire and the coping style scale, we conducted a 2-year longitudinal tracking study. The result shows:(1) In term of the longitudinal development, the friendship quality of childhood children cannot continuously and stably predict the development of loneliness, but the loneliness can continue to significantly predict the development of friendship quality; (2) The coping styles can significantly predict the development of friendship quality, and also the development of loneliness. Conclusion:In term of the longitudinal development, the relationship between the friendship quality and loneliness during childhood shows a covariation relationship, and both of them are influenced by the third factor, the development of coping styles.

The Developmental Trajectory of Student Teachers' Professional Identity in the Early Stages of Teaching Practice and its Relationship with Proactive Personality: A Longitudinal Study

HUANG Jie, ZHU Dan, YANG Ao

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  40-47.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.05

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A total of 385 student teachers were recruited to complete a survey measuring proactive personality, work performance, interpersonal relationship and professional identity over a period of five weeks from the first week of their educational practice, and hierarchical linear modelling was used to analyze the developmental trajectory of student teachers' professional identity in the early stages of teaching practice and the mediating mechanisms of work performance and interpersonal relationship in the relationship between proactive personality and student teachers' professional identity. The results show that:(1) professional identity shows a U-like developmental trajectory as it first decreases and then increases over time; and (2) work performance and interpersonal relationship partly mediate the relationship between proactive personality and professional identity in student teachers. However, the mediating effect of work performance is much stronger than that of interpersonal relationship. This study has demonstrated the dynamic developmental trajectory of student teachers' professional identity in the early stages of teaching practice and the mediating mechanisms of work performance and interpersonal relationship in the relationship between professional identity and proactive personality.

Technoference and Relationship Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Model

XIANG Cheng, JIANG Yali, PENG Kaiping, LIU Xiaoshi

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  48-57.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.06

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The present study examined the influences of technoference on relationship satisfaction among partners in a romantic relationship and explored the possible influencing mechanism behind this influence:the mediating effect of communication quality between technoference and relationship satisfaction, as well as the moderating effect of trust on this mediating process. 454 unmarried participants who are currently in a romantic relationship (average age=24.26, SD=4.20; 221 males, 233 females) were recruited in the study to complete the relevant questionnaires. The results showed that:(1) There is a significant negative correlation between the technoference and relationship satisfaction, which is consistent with previous research; (2) After controlling for gender, age, and the length of the relationship, communication quality mediated the relationship between technoference and relationship satisfaction; (3) In turn, trust within the relationship moderated the effect of communication quality on relationship satisfaction. These results revealed that technoference appear to negatively relate to relational well-being. Those who perceived more technoference tend to have lower communication quality and relationship satisfaction. However, trust played a protective role against the negative impact of poor communication quality on relationship satisfaction. In summary, the present study is the first to demonstrate the moderated mediation effect of communication quality and trust on the detrimental impact of technoference towards relationship satisfaction. The results of this study have important theoretical significance, as they may allow us to more deeply understand how technology affects the process of romantic interaction and relationship quality.

The Relation between Peer Academic Support and Academic Emotions in High School Physics and Chemistry: The Mediation Role of Academic Self-efficacy and the Moderation Role of Gender

LI Yixuan, WANG Zeyu, ZHOU Mingyang, YANG Yuchuan, ZHAO Minxiang, DONG Yan

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  58-67.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.07

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Previous studies have found that academic self-efficacy was influenced by peer support, and it was also an important antecedent variable that affected students' academic performance. Based on the control-value theory, this study investigated whether academic self-efficacy could mediate the relationship between peer academic support and academic emotions in physics and chemistry through a survey of 3,329 students in grade 10 and grade 11. Results showed that:(1) There was a significantly positive association between peer academic support and academic self-efficacy; They were positively correlated with enjoyment academic emotion and negatively correlated with boredom academic emotion; (2) After controlling for the age, grade, gender, and area, academic self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between peer academic support and enjoyment academic emotion, and a complete mediating role between peer academic support and boredom academic emotion; (3) In physics, gender moderated the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic emotion. These results verified and expanded the control-value theory, which has significant implications in improving the positive emotions of middle school students on learning physics and chemistry.

The Moderating Effect of Achievement Goal Orientation on the Relationship between Academic Self-concept and Academic Achievement: Based on Internal/External Reference of Frame Model

LIU Zhiguo, QI Bing, LI Yaping, WANG Runzhou, CUI Jia, SONG Yaowu

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  68-76.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.08

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To explore the moderating effect of achievement goal orientation on the relationship between academic self-concept and academic achievement. Chinese Academic Self-concept Scale, Mathematics Academic Self-concept Scale and Achievement Goal Orientation Scale were used to measure 1515 junior high school students. Results were as follows:(1) Junior middle school students' construction in Chinese and math self-concept conformed to the theoretical hypothesis of the internal-external reference model (I/EM); (2) Mastery avoidance had a moderating effect on the dimension comparison path of I/EM. Students with higher mastery avoidance scores were more susceptible to the dimension comparison effect, which was more obvious for students with relatively poor performance in Chinese and math; (3) Achievement avoidance had a moderating effect on the social comparison path I/EM. Students with higher score of achievement avoidance were less susceptible to the social comparison effect, which was more obvious for students with better performance in Chinese and math. This study reveals the differences in the process of constructing junior high school students' academic self-concept with different achievement goal orientation, which has certain practical significance for guiding junior high school students to construct positive academic self-concept.

The Relationship between Autistic and Intellectual Disabled Children's Behavior Problems and Parental Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Parenting Stress and the Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support

LI Xingkai, WU Junsheng, YAO Xiaotong, LIU Yingshan, REN Jie, CHEN Suiqing

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  77-84.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.09

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To explore the relationship between autistic and intellectual disabled children's behavior problems and parental anxiety, 1023 parents of autistic or intellectual disabled children completed questionnaires regarding behavior problems, parenting stress, perceived social support and state anxiety. The study indicated that:after controlling parents' gender, age, children's gender and age, (1) children's behavior problems positively and significantly predicted their parents' anxiety; (2) parenting stress significantly mediated the relationship between children's behavior problems and parental anxiety; (3) the relationship between children's behavior problems and parenting stress was moderated by perceived social support of parents, and the moderate effect was only significant in parents of children with intellectual disability. The results revealed the affect and mechanism of autistic and intellectual disabled children's behavior problems on parental anxiety. And it will help to mitigate parents' stress and anxiety.

The Effect of Cyber-bullying/Cyber-victimization on Sleep Quality in Early Adolescence: A Serial Mediation Model of Social Anxiety and Depression Mood

JIANG Suo, DING Jinqi, LIU Yan, LU Yuanyuan, LI Xiaoqing, CHEN Jing

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  85-96.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.10

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Based on the cognitive model of insomnia, the study used structural equation models to explore the mechanism of social anxiety and depression mood in the relationship between cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization and sleep quality, and verified the gender differences in the mediation model. The participants were 582 students from nine primary and middle schools in Zhejiang Province. They conducted a follow-up survey for three times, and the interval of each survey was half a year. They completed a set of self-report measures on cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization, social anxiety, depression mood and sleep quality. The results showed that:(1) Social anxiety and depression mood played a serial mediating role in the relationship between cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization and sleep quality; (2) There are gender differences in the serial mediating effect of cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization on sleep quality. Therefore, the effect of cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization on sleep quality had its own complex internal mechanism. It suggests that educators should pay attention to the teenagers' emotional problems caused by cyber-bullying/cyber-victimization, and only by solving the emotional distress fundamentally, can teenagers' sleep quality be effectively and ultimately improved.

A Meta-analysis of the Relationship between Parenting Styles and Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents

GAO Feng, BAI Xuejun, ZHANG Peng, CAO Haibo

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  97-108.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.11

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How to reduce suicide ideation is a common problem faced by researchers, among which family factors have received more and more attention in recent years. Meta-analysis was used to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and suicidal ideation and its moderating factors in Chinese adolescents. A total of 22 articles have been selected, including 158 samples and 16980 participants. The results showed that positive parenting styles were negatively correlated with suicidal ideation, while negative parenting styles were positively correlated with suicidal ideation. Age stage and suicidal ideation measurement tools can significantly moderate the relationship between parenting styles and suicidal ideation, and the proportion of only-child can moderate the relationship between negative parenting styles and suicidal ideation. The results show that parenting styles can significantly affect suicide ideation. Parents should adopt positive parenting styles such as emotional warmth and understanding instead of negative parenting styles such as refusal and excessive interference.

The Relationship between Cumulative Environmental Risk and Non-suicidal Self-injury among College Students: The Effects of Emotion Regulation Strategies

CHEN Zixun, LI Jinwen, WANG Yumeng, LIU Xia

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  109-120.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.12

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The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between cumulative environmental risk and NSSI behavior of college students through two sub-studies, while it also explored the mitigating effects of distraction and cognitive reappraisal on NSSI intention in college students with multiple risks. For study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1066 college students to explore the effects and patterns of cumulative environmental risk on college students' NSSI. Based on the results of the first study, 62 college students with high-risk backgrounds were selected as subjects in study 2, then we used a laboratory experiment to investigate the alleviating effects of the two emotion regulation strategies. The results showed that the cumulative environmental risk had a significant positive effect on NSSI behavior whether in male or female college students, and both of them conform to the nonlinear "positive acceleration mode". However, the enhancing rate of NSSI behavior caused by the increase of the number of cumulative risks in male students is significantly faster than that in female students. For college students with high environmental risk background, distraction and cognitive reappraisal could momentarily reduce their NSSI propensity and NSSI identity, and could not reduce their implicit NSSI ideation. This finding suggests that we should think highly of the psychological intervention of emotional regulation strategies for college students who have experienced high level of environmental risks, which will help them reduce the tendency of engaging in NSSI.

The Relationship between Work-family Conflict and Depression in Primary and Middle School Teachers during COVID-19: A Moderated Mediation Model

DENG Linyuan, GAO Shiqing, WANG Jingyi, LI Beilei

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  121-131.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.13

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This study aimed to investigate whether teachers' work-family conflict would indirectly increase depression through job burnout during the COVID-19 epidemic, and whether the mediation effect was moderated by teachers' resilience.One thousand one hundred and twenty-seven primary and middle school teachers finished Primary and Middle School Teachers' Work-family Conflict Questionnaire, Primary and Secondary School Teachers' Job Burnout Questionnaire and Resiliency Scale for Secondary School Teacher. The results showed that:(1)Most of the teachers reported little change in work and life condition, work-family conflict and depression during the epidemic, and a small number of teachers reported that these situations were worse or better during the outbreak; (2)Teachers' work-family conflict was positively correlated with depression and job burnout, and all above were negatively correlated with resilience; (3)After controlling for extraneous variables, job burnout mediated the relationship between work-family conflict and depression; (4)Resilience moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and job burnout for teachers who reported better work and life condition during the outbreak. For teachers who reported worse work and life condition, resilience moderated the relationship between job burnout and depression. Therefore, alleviating work-family conflict and job burnout and improving resilience can reduce depression of primary and middle school teachers and maintain their mental health.

The Influence of Poverty on Children's Mental Health and Its Internal Mechanism

XU Fuming, HUANG Long

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  132-139.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.14

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Child poverty is a major public health problem worldwide. In recent decades, domestic and international research have found that poverty has an impact on children's negative mental health and positive mental health. Researchers try to explain the impact of poverty on children's mental health from two aspects of family and society, so as to reveal the impact mechanism of poverty on children's mental health. Future research should strengthen the study of protective factors in the development of children's mental health, explore the long-term effects of childhood poverty on individual mental health and its causes, and carry out localization research in the context of China's social culture, which will contribute to prevention and intervention of childhood poverty in practice.

Nomophobia: Why can't We be Separated from Mobile Phones?

HENG Shupeng, ZHAO Huanfang, ZHOU Zongkui

Psychological Development and Education. 2023, 39(1):  140-152.  doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.01.15

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Nomophobia, or no mobile phone phobia, is a kind of situational anxiety caused by the fear of being out of mobile phone contact. Recent researches have demonstrated the widespread existence of nomophobia. Theories related with nomophobia hold different points, such as fear of missing out, mobile phone attachment and self-expansion theory. The nomophobia could be influenced by factors such as individual characteristics (demographic variables, personality traits, etc.) and mobile phone use behavior. Meanwhile, nomophobia would cause many negative psychology and behavior problems. On this basis, we point out the future research direction.