Psychological Development and Education ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 504-512.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.04.15

Previous Articles    

Association between Parental Emotion Expressiveness and Adolescents' Behavior Problem: the Mediating Role of the Parent-Child Attachment and Loneliness

PENG yuan, ZHU lei, WANG zhenhong   

  1. School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
  • Online:2018-07-15 Published:2018-07-15

Abstract: The present study examined the relation between parental emotion expressiveness and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem, as well as the mediating role of attachment and loneliness. Totally 688 adolescents (348 boys and 340 girls) from grade 7 and grade 10 in Xi'an of Shaanxi province participated in this study. Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory, Loneliness Scale and Youth Self-Report were used to assess the main variables in this study. The results showed that Parent-child attachment and loneliness had multiple mediation effect between parental emotion expressiveness and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem. Specifically, parental emotion expressiveness affected problem behavior through both mediated roles of attachment or loneliness and chain-mediated role of attachment and loneliness. In summary, this study uncovered the mechanism underlying the relationship between parental emotion expressiveness and adolescents' problem behavior, which contributes to the understanding of the complex mechanism between parental emotional socialization and adolescents development.

Key words: parental emotion expressiveness, internalizing and externalizing problem, parent-child attachment, loneliness, adolescent

CLC Number: 

  • B844

Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the youth self-report and profile. Burlington, VT:University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.

Agnew, R. (1992). Foundation for a General Strain Theory of Crime and Delinquency. Criminology, 30(1), 47-87.

Asher, S. R., Hymel, S., & Renshaw, P. D. (1984). Loneliness in children. Child Development, 55(4), 1456-1464.

Baker, O. E., & Bugay, A. (2011). Mediator and moderator role of loneliness in the relationship between peer victimization and depressive symptoms. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 21(2), 175-185.

Bosmans, G., Braet, C., Beyers, W., Leeuwen, K. V., & Vlierberghe, L.V. (2011). Parents' power assertive discipline and internalizing problems in adolescents:the role of attachment. Parenting, 11(1), 34-55.

Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment:An integrative overview. In Simpson, J. A., & Rholes, W. S. (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships. New York:Guilford Press, 46-76.

Davies, P. T., & Woitach, M. J. (2008). Children's emotional security in the interparental relationship. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(4), 269-274.

Dubois-Comtois, K., Moss, E., Cyr, C., & Pascuzzo, K. (2013). Behavior problems in middle childhood:the predictive role of maternal distress, child attachment, and mother-child interactions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41(8), 1311-1324.

Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Carlo, G., Troyer, D., Speer, A. L., Karbon, M., et al. (1992). The relations of maternal practices and characteristics to children's vicarious emotional responsiveness. Child Development, 63(3), 583-602.

Eisenberg, N., Gershoff, E. T., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A. J., Losoya, S. H., et al. (2001). Mothers' emotional expressivity and children's behavior problems and social competence:mediation through children's regulation. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 475-490.

Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., Morris, A. S., Fabes, R. A., Cumberland, A., Reiser, M., et al. (2003). Longitudinal relations among parental emotional expressivity, children's regulation, and quality of socioemotional functioning. Developmental Psychology, 39(1), 3-19.

Fontaine, R. G., Yang, C., Burks, V. S., Dodge, K. A., Price, J. M., & Pettit, G. S. (2009). Loneliness as a partial mediator of the relation between low social preference in childhood and anxious/depressed symptoms in adolescence. Development and Psychopathology, 21(2), 479-491.

Fraley, R. C., Heffernan, M. E., Vicary, A. M., & Brumbaugh, C. C. (2011). The experiences in close relationships-relationship structures questionnaire:a method for assessing attachment orientations across relationships. Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 615-625.

Galanaki, E. P., Polychronopoulou, S. A., & Babalis, T. K. (2008). Loneliness and social dissatisfaction among behaviourally at-risk children. School Psychology International, 29(2), 214-229.

Halberstadt, A. G., Cassidy, J., Stifter, C. A., Parke, R. D., & Fox, N. A. (1995). Self-expressiveness within the family context:Psychometric support for a new measure. Psychological Assessment, 7(1), 93-103.

Han, Z. R., & Shaffer, A. (2014). Maternal expressed emotion in relation to child behavior problems:differential and mediating effects. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23(8), 1491-1500.

Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness:a literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 695-718.

Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley, CA:University of California Press.

Hu, Y., Wang, Y., & Liu, A. (2017). The influence of mothers' emotional expressivity and class grouping on Chinese preschoolers' emotional regulation strategies. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(3), 824-832.

Lindblom, J., Vänskä, M., Flykt, M., Tolvanen, A., Tiitinen, A., Tulppala, M., et al. (2016). From early family systems to internalizing symptoms:the role of emotion regulation and peer relations. Journal of Family Psychology:JFP:Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association, 31(3), 316-326.

Luthar, S. S., & Goldstein, A. S. (2008). Substance use and related behaviors among suburban late adolescents:The importance of perceived parent containment. Development and Psychopathology, 20(2), 591-614.

Madigan, S., Brumariu, L. E., Villani, V., Atkinson, L., & Lyonsruth, K. (2016). Representational and questionnaire measures of attachment:a meta-analysis of relations to child internalizing and externalizing problems. Psychological Bulletin, 142(4), 367-399.

Martinez-Ferrer, B., & Stattin, H. (2017). A mutual hostility explanation for the co-occurrence of delinquency and depressive mood in adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 45(7), 1-14.

Mckay, M. T., Konowalczyk, S., Andretta, J. R., & Cole, J. C. (2017). The direct and indirect effect of loneliness on the development of adolescent alcohol use in the United Kingdom. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 12(6), 65-70.

Meier, A. M., Carr, D. R., Currier, J. M., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2013). Attachment anxiety and avoidance in coping with bereavement:Two studies. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 32(3), 315-334.

Mesman, J., & Koot, H. M. (2000). Common and specific correlates of preadolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), 428-437.

Miller-Slough, R. L., & Dunsmore, J. C. (2016). Parent and friend emotion socialization in adolescence:associations with psychological adjustment. Adolescent Research Review, 1(4), 1-19.

Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361-388.

Parkhurst, J. T., & Asher, S. R. (1992). Peer rejection in middle school:subgroup differences in behavior, loneliness, and interpersonal concerns. Developmental Psychology, 28(2), 231-241.

Pallini, S., Baiocco, R., Schneider, B. H., Madigan, S., & Atkinson, L. (2014). Early child-parent attachment and peer relations:A meta-analysis of recent research. Journal of Family Psychology, 28(1), 118-123.

Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research:a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Apply Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.

Ratto, N., Doyle, A. B., & Markiewicz, D. (2016). Attachment with mother and adolescents' conflict with romantic partner or close friend. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 48(1), 68-77.

Shin, S. H., & Sok, S. R. (2012). A comparison of the factors influencing life satisfaction between Korean older people living with family and living alone. International Nursing Review, 59(2), 252-258.

Valiente, C., Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., Liew, J., Reiser, M., Cumberland, A., et al. (2006). Relations among mothers' expressivity, children's effortful control, and their problem behaviors:A four year longitudinal study. Emotion, 6(3), 459-472.

Wood, N. D., Werner-Wilson, R. J., Parker, T. S., & Perry, M. S. (2012). Exploring the impact of attachment anxiety and avoidance on the perception of couple conflict. Contemporary Family Therapy, 34(3), 416-428.

Yap, M. B., & Jorm, A. F. (2015). Parental factors associated with childhood anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 175(1), 424-440.

李同归, 加藤和生. (2006). 成人依恋的测量:亲密关系经历量表 (ECR) 中文版. 心理学报, 38(3), 399-406.

梁宗保, 张光珍, 陈会昌, 张萍. (2012). 父母元情绪理念、情绪表达与儿童社会能力的关系. 心理学报, 44(2), 199-210.

田录梅, 张文新, 陈光辉. (2014). 父母支持、友谊质量对孤独感和抑郁的影响:检验一个间接效应模型.心理学报, 46(2), 238-251.

王润程, 王孟成, 高一点, 蒋雅丽, 张小崔, 姚树桥. (2013). Achenbach青少年自评量表 (2001年版) 中文版的信度和效度. 中国临床心理学杂志, 21(6), 977-980.

温忠麟, 叶宝娟. (2014). 中介效应分析:方法和模型发展. 心理科学进展, 22(5), 731-745.

吴艳, 温忠麟. (2011). 结构方程建模中的题目打包策略. 心理科学进展, 19(12), 1859-1867.
[1] WANG Yulong, ZHAO Jingfei, LIN Xiuyun. Cumulative Effects of Family Risk Factors on Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury and Its Gender Difference [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 240-247.
[2] WANG Yanhui, SHEN Zifeng, LAI Xuefen. The Relation between Parental Psychological Control and Adolescent Externalizing Problem Behavior: The Chain Mediating Role of Effortful Control and Deviant Peer Affiliation [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 248-256.
[3] XIAO Jialin, LIANG Kaixin, HUANG Liuyue, WANG Enna, HUANG Qiaomin, HE Yunhan, LU Baolin, CHI Xinli. The Cumulative Effects, Relationship Model, and the Effects of Specific Positive Development Assets in Reducing Adolescent Depression [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 257-269.
[4] WEI Hua, DING Huimin, CHEN Wu, HAO Xingfeng, XIONG Jie. The Relationship between Parents’ Phubbing and Adolescents’ Cyberbullying: The Mediating Effects of Stress and the Moderating Effects of Age [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 114-121.
[5] ZHANG Huiru, ZHANG Weida, FU Wangqian, DENG Min, PENG Suhao, LI Yu. The Influence of Loneliness on Creative Inclination: Mediating Role of Boredom and Anxiety [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 132-141.
[6] ZOU Shengqi, WU Xinchun. Association between Parental Conflict and Peer Attachment: An Examination of the Mediation Effect of Parent-adolescent Attachment and Gender Difference [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 798-807.
[7] PENG Haiyun, SHENG Liang, QIU Fanshuo, ZHOU Ziyan, XIN Sufei. Psychological Burden Reduction Starts from Dealing with Boredom: The Influencing Mechanism of Boredom Proneness on Subjective Well-being among Adolescents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 895-902.
[8] LIU Qing, FENG Lan. The Mediating Role of Parenting between Parents' Marital Quality and Adolescents' Sibling Relationship and Its Gender Difference [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 654-662.
[9] SHA Jingying, ZHANG Xiangkui, LIU Qiandong. Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? The Influence of Academic Motivation Comparison on Adolescents' Peer Selection [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 683-690.
[10] ZHANG Wen, WANG Zhenhong. The Relationship between Negative Life Events and the Internalizing Problems among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Social Support and the Moderating Role of Parent-adolescent Cohesion [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 718-725.
[11] HONG Xinwei, MIAO Lingtong, FAN Hang, SONG Minghua, ZHU Tingting, LIU Shen, ZHANG Lin. The Relationship between Parental Conflict and Adolescents' Aggressive Behavior: Roles of Emotional Security and School Connectedness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 726-734.
[12] WANG Yulong, SU Huijuan, LIN Xiuyun. The Classification of Self-injury in Adolescents: Based on Latent Profile Analysis [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 735-742.
[13] HU Yihao, XU Luyan, BIAN Xiaohua, ZHOU Ying, LIU Junsheng. Peer Victimization and Depression among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Effects of Classroom Norm Salience for Aggression [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 542-549.
[14] BAO Zhenzhou, CHU Yijia, WANG Fan, LIU Xixi. Adolescents' Outsider Behaviors in School Bullying: The Roles of School Climate, School Connectedness and Moral Disengagement [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 580-589.
[15] ZHENG Xianliang, CHEN Huiping, WANG Xue, BAO Zhenzhou. Development Trends of Adolescents’ Internet Altruistic Behavior and the Influence of Social Class: A Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 333-341.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!