Psychological Development and Education ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 264-272.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.03.02

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Parent-child Attachment and Interpersonal Forgiveness among Junior High School Students: A Moderated Mediation Model

MIAO Lingtong1, ZHAO Kaili1, YANG Mengyuan1, LEI Xue2, LIU Shen3, ZHANG Lin1   

  1. 1. Department and Institute of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211;
    2. Xiang Shan High School, Xiangshan 315700;
    3. School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026
  • Online:2018-05-15 Published:2018-05-15

PDF (PC)

Abstract: The present study investigated the relationship between parent-child attachment and interpersonal forgiveness, proposed a moderated mediation model, and examined the mediation effect of empathy and the moderation effect of self-esteem. 502 students in four junior high schools in Zhejiang Province were recruited by questionnaire measures. The results were as follows:(1) Parent-child attachment has both a direct predictive effect on interpersonal forgiveness of junior high school students and indirect influence on interpersonal forgiveness through empathy; (2) the mediation effect of empathy was moderated by self-esteem. To be detailed, empathy had a significant effect on this link of parent-child attachment and interpersonal forgiveness for junior high school students with high self-esteem than for those with low self-esteem. This study shows that a secure attachment relationship is conducive to cultivating junior high school students' empathy and promote interpersonal forgiveness, but lower levels of self-esteem can hinder the exertion of empathy. The results suggest that fostering good parent-child relationship and improving self-esteem level play an important role in the development of junior high school students' forgiveness quality.

Key words: interpersonal forgiveness, parent-child attachment, empathy, self-esteem, junior high school students

Allen, J. P., & Manning, N. (2007). From safety to affect regulation:Attachment from the vantage point of adolescence. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 117, 23-39.

Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss:Vol. 2.Separation:Anxiety and anger. New York, NY:Basic Books.

Boonyarit, I. (2017). Assessing forgiveness in interpersonal conflict among Thai emerging adults:The peer forgiveness scale. International Journal of Behavioral Science, 12(2), 1-18.

Britton, P. C., & Fuendeling, J. M. (2005). The relations among varieties of adult attachment and the components of empathy. Journal of Social Psychology, 145(5), 519-530.

Burnette, J. L., Taylor, K. W., Worthington, E. L., & Forsyth, D. R. (2007). Attachment and trait forgivingness:The mediating role of angry rumination. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(8), 1585-1596.

Davis, J. R., & Gold, G. J. (2011). An examination of emotional empathy, attributions of stability, and the link between perceived remorse and forgiveness. Personality and Individual Difference, 50(3), 392-397.

de Pinho, V. D., & Falcone, E. M. D. (2015). Interventions to the promotion of forgiveness and insertion of empathy:Review of literature. Revista Argentina de Clinica Psicologica, 24(2), 111-120.

Donovan, L. A. N., & Priester, J. R. (2017). Exploring the psychological processes underlying interpersonal forgiveness:The superiority of motivated reasoning over empathy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 71, 16-30.

Eaton, J., Struthers, C. W., & Santelli, A. G. (2006). Dispositional and state forgiveness:The role of self-esteem, need for structure, and narcissism. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 371-80.

Erceg-Hurn, D. M., & Mirosevich, V. M. (2008). Modern robust statistical methods:An easy way to maximize the accuracy and power of your research. American Psychologist, 63(7), 591-601.

Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. H. (2002). Forgiveness in marriage:Implication for psychological aggression and constructive communication. Personal Relationship, 9(3), 239-251.

Gillath, O., Shaver, P. R., Mikulincer, M., Nitzberg, R. E., Erez, A., & van Ijzendorn, M. H. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and volunteering:Placing volunteerism in an attachment-theoretical framework. Personal Relationships, 12(4), 425-446.

Goldstein, H., & Higgins-Dalessandro, A. (2000). Empathy and attachment in relation to violent vs. Non-Violent offense history among jail inmates. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 32(4), 31-53.

Gych, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (1990). Marital conflict and children's adjustment:A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 267-290.

Hill, E. W. (2010). Discovering forgiveness through empathy:Implications for couple and family therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 32(3), 169-185.

Karremans, J. C., & van Lange, P. A. M. (2008). Forgiveness personal relationships:Its malleability and powerful consequence. European Review of Social Psychology, 19(1), 202-241.

Kimmes, J. G., & Durtschi, J. A. (2016). Forgiveness in romantic relationships:The roles of attachment, empathy, and attributions. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 42(2), 645-658.

Lawler-Row, K. A., Hyatt-Edwards, L., Wuensch, K. L., & Karremans, J. C. (2011). Forgiveness and health:The role of attachment. Personal Relationships, 18(2), 170-183.

Lyons-Ruth, K., Alpern, L., & Repacholi, B. (1993). Disorganized infant attachment classification and maternal psychosocial problems as predictors of hostile-aggressive behavior in the preschool classroom. Child Development, 64(2), 572-585.

Macaskill, A., Maltby, J., & Day, L. (2002). Forgiveness of self and others and emotional empathy. The Journal of Social Psychology, 142(5), 663-665.

Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Pereg, D. (2003). Attachment theory and affect regulation:The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment-related strategies. Motivation and Emotion, 27(2),77-102.

Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., Gillath, O., & Nitzberg, R. A. (2005). Attachment, caregiving, and altruism:Boosting attachment security increases compassion and helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(5), 817-839.

Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2015). An attachment perspective on prosocial attitudes and behavior. In D. A. Schroeder & W. G. Graziano (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of prosocial behavior (pp. 209-230). New York, NY:Oxford University Press.

Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863.

Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt, J., & Schimel, J. (2004). Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 435-468.

Rowe, A., & Carnelley, K. B. (2010). Attachment style differences in the processing of attachment-relevant information:Primed-style effects on recall, interpersonal expectations, and affect. Personal Relationships, 10(1), 59-75.

Singer, T., & Lamm, C. (2009). The social neuroscience of empathy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156(1), 81-96.

Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2002). Attachment-related psychodynamics. Attachment and Human Development, 4(2), 133-161.

Shaver, P. R., Mikulincer, M., Gross, J. T., Stern, J. A., & Cossidy, J. (2016). A lifespan perspective on attachment and care for others. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds), Handbook of attachment:Theory, research, and clinical applications. (pp. 878-916). New York:Guiford Press.

Vachon, D. D., Lynam, D. R., & Johnson, J. A. (2014). The relation between empathy and aggression:Surprising results from a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin,140(3), 751-773.

Zechmeister, J. S., & Romero, C. (2002). Victim and offender accounts of interpersonal conflict:Autobiographical narratives of forgiveness and unforgiveness. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(4), 675-686.

艾娟. (2014). 群际宽恕的影响因素. 心理科学进展, 22(3), 522-529.

陈武, 李董平, 鲍振宙, 闫昱文, 周宗奎. (2015). 亲子依恋与青少年的问题性网络使用:一个有调节的中介模型. 心理学报, 47(5), 611-623.

丁倩, 张永欣, 周宗奎. (2017). 社交网站使用与妒忌:向上社会比较的中介作用及自尊的调节作用. 心理科学, 40(3), 618-624.

傅宏. (2009). 中国人宽恕性情的文化诠释. 南京社会科学, (9), 57-62.

郝振, 崔丽娟. (2014). 受歧视知觉对流动儿童社会融入的影响:中介机制及自尊的调节作用. 心理发展与教育, 30(2), 137-144.

琚晓燕, 刘宣文, 方晓义. (2011). 青少年父母、同伴依恋与社会适应性的关系. 心理发展与教育, 27(2), 174-180.

黎玉兰, 付进. (2013). 大学生自尊与宽恕倾向的关系:归因的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 21(1), 129-132.

李海江, 杨娟, 袁祥勇, 覃义贵, 张庆林. (2012). 低自尊个体对拒绝性信息的注意偏向. 心理科学进展, 20(10), 1604-1613.

李绍颛, 石林, 李佳, 杨韵雅. (2012). 宽恕干预及其临床应用现状. 中国临床心理学杂志, 20(1), 132-134.

孙晓军, 赵竞, 周宗奎, 谢笑春, 童媛添. (2015). 大学生网络社会支持与网络人际信任的关系:一个有调节的中介模型. 心理发展与教育, 31(2), 129-136.

田录梅, 杨婧, 于芳荣. (2015). 初中生自尊、同伴接纳与不同宽恕的关系. 中国临床心理学杂志, 23(2), 336-338.

王孟成, 蔡炳光, 吴艳, 戴晓阳. (2010). 项目表达方法对中文Rosenberg自尊量表因子结构的影响. 心理学探新,30(3), 63-68.

王艳辉, 李董平, 孙文强, 赵力燕, 赖雪芬, 周月月. (2017). 亲子依恋与初中生亲社会行为:有调节的中介模型. 心理学报, 49(5), 663-679.

王英芊, 邹泓, 候珂, 王明珠, 汤玉龙, 潘斌. (2016). 亲子依恋、同伴依恋与青少年消极情感的关系:有调节的中介模型. 心理发展与教育, 32(3), 226-235.

温忠麟, 叶宝娟. (2014). 有调节的中介模型检验方法:竞争还是替补? 心理学报, 46(5), 714-726.

温忠麟, 张雷, 侯杰泰. (2006). 有中介的调节变量和有调节的中介变量. 心理学报, 38(3), 448-452.

翁晶, 张田, 傅宏. (2014). 宽恕干预在生理疾病治疗中的运用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 22(3), 564-567.

周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942-950.

赵旭东, 关荐. (2015). 大学生成人依恋对社会技能的影响:共情的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 23(6), 1116-1118.

赵薇, 郑显亮. (2015). 自尊与宽恕:共情的中介作用. 中国卫生事业管理, 11, 871-875.

章恩友, 陈胜. (2016). 中小学校园欺凌现象的心理学思考. 中国教育学刊, 11, 13-17.

张凤凤, 董毅, 汪凯, 詹志禹, 谢伦芳. (2010). 中文版人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)的信度及效度研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(2), 155-157.

张林, 曹华英. (2011). 社会计量器理论的研究进展:社交接纳/拒绝与自尊的关系. 心理科学, 34(5), 1163-1166.

张林, 李元元. (2009). 自尊的社会计量器理论的研究评述. 心理科学进展, 17(4), 852-856.

张林, 赵凯莉, 刘燊, 詹文琦. (2017). 父母、同伴依恋对青少年孤独感的影响模型:基于不同类型学校的检验. 心理学探新,37(4), 339-344.
[1] WANG Xinqiang, LI Jinwen, LU Hongyan, LAI Zhengwei, LI Jiayuan. The Influence of Advantages and Disadvantages of Mate Selection on Normal University Students’ Teacher Professional Identity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Mate Value and the Moderating Role of Self-esteem [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 64-73.
[2] QIN Yao, PENG Yunshi. The Effect of Parenting Styles on Social Anxiety in Junior High School Students: The Chain Mediated Role of Rumination and Peer Acceptance [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 103-113.
[3] YAN Zhiqiang, ZHOU Ke, ZENG Xiao, XU Hui, ZHU Xiaoqian, ZHANG Juan. The Relationship between Preschooler’s Executive Function and Aggressive Behavior: The Mediation Effect of Cognitive Empathy [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 788-797.
[4] LU Cuiping, ZHENG Xifu. Low Self-esteem or High'Other-esteem’? Differential Nature of Implicit Self-esteem in High and Low Socially Anxious Individuals: Evidence from EAST Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 808-816.
[5] CHEN Ying, ZHANG Ye, HAN Na, WANG Kai. The Influence of Campus Exclusion on Junior High School Students’ Online Deviant Behavior: The Serial Mediating of Relative Deprivation and Self-control [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 887-894.
[6] SHA Jingying, ZHANG Xiangkui, LIU Qiandong. Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? The Influence of Academic Motivation Comparison on Adolescents' Peer Selection [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 683-690.
[7] JI Linqin, ZOU Xiaohui, ZHANG Lulu, ZHANG Liang. The Relationship between Children and Adolescent's Bullying Behavior and Callous-unemotional Traits and Empathy: A Cross-lagged Analysis [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 532-541.
[8] XIN Guogang, ZHANG Libin, CHANG Ruisheng, ZHANG Yunyun. Bullying Victimization Trajectories in Early Adolescence: The Predictive Role of Depression, Self-esteem and Academic Achievement [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 568-579.
[9] GAO Ling, MENG Wenhui, LIU Jiedi, YANG Jiping, WANG Xingchao. Parental Phubbing and Adolescent’s Cyberbullying Perpetration: The Roles of Self-esteem and Basic Empathy [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 439-448.
[10] CHU Xiaoyuan, CHU Ziqiang, WANG Qi, JI Shutian, LEI Li. Parent-child Attachment Avoidance and Smartphone Dependency for Junior School Students in Rural Areas: The Mediating Role of Social Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Family Financial Difficulty [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 192-199.
[11] LU Minghui, WANG Rong, ZHANG Limin. Relationship between Parents’ Resilience and Emotional/Behavioral Problems in Children with ASD: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 247-254.
[12] CHEN Chuanfeng, GE Guohong, LU Danfeng, YUE Huilan. The Relationship between Co-parenting by Grandparents and Parents and False Belief Understanding of Preschool Children: The Role of Parent-child Attachment and Co-residence with Grandparents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 21-30.
[13] LIU Zhiguo, QI Bing, LI Yaping, WANG Runzhou, CUI Jia, SONG Yaowu. The Moderating Effect of Achievement Goal Orientation on the Relationship between Academic Self-concept and Academic Achievement: Based on Internal/External Reference of Frame Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 68-76.
[14] XIAO Xue, GUO Lei, ZHAO Yongping, CHEN Fuguo. Cumulative Ecological Risk on Bullying Victimization in Junior High School Students: The Moderating Effects of Resilience [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 648-657.
[15] LIN Shuwei, SUN Binghai, HUANG Jiaxin, XIAO Weilong, LI Weijian. The Effect of Empathy on Generalized Reciprocity: The Mediating Effect of Self-other Overlap [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(4): 475-484.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Psychological Development and Education
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd