Psychological Development and Education ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 25-34.

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The Influence of Induction in 3-year-olds

Lu Xiao-ying1,2, Long Chang-quan2, Sun Feng1, Xing Dong-liang1, Li Hong2   

  1. 1. Youth League Committee, Zheng zhou Electric Power College, Zheng Zhou 450004;
    2. School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chong Qing 400715
  • Online:2011-01-15 Published:2011-01-15

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Abstract: Gelman and Markman(1986)found 4-years old children could make knowledge-based induction in a triad oddity method.Long et al.(2006)found that 3-year-olds could not mainly make knowledge-based induction in similar triad oddity method.Using similar method in Long et al's study,the data showed that it had no significant differences between similarity-based induction and knowledge-based induction in 3-year-old(Experiment 1).When a distraction was added in each test,3-year-olds could ignore the distraction,suggesting that 3-year-olds were not in guess(Experiment 2).In experiment 3,3-year-olds-knowledge of conceptual categorization on the items used in experiment 1 was tested.The data showed 3-year-olds could make knowledge-based categorization,indicating that the lack of knowledge could not explain why 3-year-olds could not mainly make knowledge-based induction in experiment 1.In experiment 4,when conceptual comparison items were looked like target,3-year-olds could not also mainly make knowledge-based induction.In experiment 5,when target and conceptual comparison items belong to the same basic-level category,3-year-olds could infer that target and conceptual comparison item would share the same properties.In experiment 6,two targets were provided.The results showed that 3-year-olds could mainly make knowledge-based induction,although target and comparison items belong to different basic-level categories.These results showed 3-year-olds could make knowledge-based induction in some conditions,which challenged the view that young children could not make conceptual-based induction in early age.

Key words: young children, induction, triad oddity method, similarity, category

CLC Number: 

  • B842.1
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