Psychological Development and Education ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 233-238.

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Development of Second Order Belief-desire Reasoning in Children Aged 5 to 8 Years

LIU Juan1,2, LI Hong1   

  1. 1. School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715;
    2. Education Department, ZhaoTong Teacher's College, Zhaotong 657000
  • Online:2010-05-15 Published:2010-05-15

Abstract: Belief-desire reasoning is an important aspect of theory of mind,but there is no any systematic studies on children's second order belief-desire reasoning.Based on the dimensions of "true-false" and "approach-avoid" principles,this study subdivided children's second-order belief-desire reasoning ability into four aspects,and explored performance in these four aspects among children aged 5 to 8 years.It is a 4(ages)×4(tasks) between subjects design.The results showed that different second-order belief-desire tasks have different degrees of difficulty for children,which proceeds in an easy-difficult way:second order true belief approach desire,second order false belief approach desire,second order true belief avoid desire,second order false belief avoid desire.

Key words: second order belief-desire reasoning, theory of mind, children

CLC Number: 

  • B844.1
[1] Carlson,S.M.,Moses,L.J.,& Claxton,L.J.(2004).Individual differences in executive-functioning and theory of mind:An investigation of inhibitory control and planning ability.Journal of,Experimental,Child,Psychology,87(4):299-319.
[2] Flavell,J.H.(1999).Cognitive development: Children's knowledge about the mind.Annual review of psychology,50:21-45.
[3] Friedman,O.,& Leslie,A.M.(2005).Processing demands in beliefdesire reasoning: Inhibition or general-difficulty? Developmental,Science,8(3):218-225.
[4] German,T.P.,& Hehman,J.A.(2006).Representational-and-executive-selection-resources-in‘theory of mind':Evidence from-compromised belief desire reasoning in old age.Cognition,101(1):129-152.
[5] Leslie,A.M.,German,T.P.,& Polizzi,P.(2005).Belief desire reasoning as a process of selection.Cognitive,Psychology,50(1):45-85.
[6] Perner,J.,& Wimmer,H.(1985).“John thinks that,Mary thinks-that…”:Attribution of second order beliefs by 5 to 10 year old children.Journal of,Experimental,Child,Psychology,39(3):437-471.
[7] Sullivan,K.,Zaitchik,D.,& Tager-Flusberg,H.(1994).Preschoolers can attribute second order beliefs.Developmental,Psychology,30(3):395-402.
[8] Ziv,M,& Frye,D.(2003).The relation between desire and false belief in children's theory of mind:No,Satisfaction? Developmental,Psychology,39(5):859-876.
[9] 王茜,苏彦捷,刘立惠.(2000).心理理论——一个广阔而充满挑战的研究领域.北京大学学报(自然科学版),36(5),732-738.
[10] 王异芳,苏彦捷.(2008).7~9 岁儿童二级错误信念和失言理解的发展.心理发展与教育,24(3),15-21.
[11] 杨小冬,方格.(2005).学前儿童对事实、信念、愿望、和情绪间关系的认知.心理学报,37(5),606-612.
[12] 张婷,吴睿明,李红,Zelazo,P.D.,张莉,廖渝等.(2006).不同维度的执行功能与早期心理理论的关系.心理学报,38(1),56-62.
[13] 张文新,赵景欣,王益文,张粤萍.(2004).3~6 岁儿童二级错误信念认知的发展.心理学报,36(3),327-334.
[1] CHU Yue, LIU Xiping, XU Hui, TANG Weihai. Developmental Characteristics of Socially Shared Retrieval-induced Forgetting in Children [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 153-159.
[2] LIU Yanchun, DENG Yuting, ZHANG Xi. Sharing Behavior towards Different Recipients in Children with Intellectual Disabilities: The Role of Theory of Mind [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 160-168.
[3] LIANG Dandan, YAN Xiaomin, GE Zhilin. The Development of Emotion Recognition Ability in 4~8 Years Old Chinese Children with High-functioning Autism Based on Language Cues [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 169-175.
[4] SHI Mengmeng, REN Guiqin, SUN Junhong, ZHANG Xinxing. Effects of Vocabulary Type and Reading Ability on Reading Comprehension Monitoring in First Grade Pupils [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 207-214.
[5] LENG Xinyi, SU Mengmeng, LI Wenling, YANG Xiujie, XING Ailing, ZHANG Xianglin, SHU Hua. The Relation between Home Environment and Early Language Development in Rural China [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 8-18.
[6] ZHAO Jingwei, CHEN Xiaoxu, REN Liwen, GENG Zhe, XU Fuzhen. Parental Psychological Control and Children’s Anxiety: A Moderated Mediating Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 93-102.
[7] ZHU Naping, LIU Yanling, XIONG Hongmei, ZHAO Pan. Justice Comes Sooner or Later: The Development Characteristics of Children’s Fair Normative Executive Behavior in Different Resource Allocation Situations [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 772-780.
[8] GAO Zihui, JIAO Yu, WANG Xi, LIU Xiaocen. The Influence of Dynamic and Static Text Presentation of Electronic Picture Books on Children’s Reading Experience and Learning Effect [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 817-824.
[9] REN Liwen, MA Yuanchi, ZHANG Qingyao, ZHANG Lingling, XU Fuzhen. Reciprocal Relations between Parental Psychological Control and Children's School Adjustment: A Cross-lagged Analysis [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 635-644.
[10] WANG Yingjie, LUAN Jinxin, LI Yan. The Relationship between Maternal Parenting Stress and Preschool Children's Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Mother-child Conflict and the Moderating Effect of Maternal Mindfulness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 702-709.
[11] LI Tiantian, DONG Huiqin. Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict and Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Attention to Positive and Negative Information and the Moderating Effect of Gender [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 488-496.
[12] YIN Xiaolan, ZHOU Lujun, ZHU Cuiying. The Effect of School Environment on the Rural Left-behind Children's Prosocial Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital and Life Satisfaction [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 497-504.
[13] JIN Xing, LIU Jinghong, MA Yue, YU Zhanyu. A Comparative Study on the Attentional Blink of Body Expression between Deaf and Normal Children [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 305-312.
[14] ZHAO Xian, WANG Zhihang, WANG Dongfang, YUAN Yanyun, YIN Xiayun, LI Zhihua. Developmental Trajectory of Prosocial Behavior in Impoverished Children during Early Adolescence: The Effects of Gender and Parenting Style Heterogeneity [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 323-332.
[15] LIU Shuang, LI Mei, FENG Xiaohang, ZHANG Xiangkui. A Longitudinal Study of Mastery Motivation and Competence in Early Childhood: The Moderating Effects of Types of Task and Temperament [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 161-172.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!