中国民众捐赠行为的变迁:基于年龄-时期-世代效应分析(2010—2022)

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2026.03.06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 捐赠行为是典型的亲社会行为,也是重要的社会资本。本研究基于中国家庭追踪调查2010—2022年的七期成人和家庭经济问卷数据,采用分层交叉年龄-时期-世代分析,考察我国民众捐赠行为的动态变化趋势。结果表明:(1)捐赠行为在年龄上呈倒“J”型趋势;(2)在控制个体层面变量后,时期效应显示,捐赠行为在2010—2020年间呈“U”型趋势,于2022年有所下滑;(3)世代效应表明,在1912—2002年出生的世代群体中,1912—1926和1978—1984年间出生的世代分别处于捐赠高峰,而1958—1961年间出生的世代处于低谷,1985—1991年和1992—2002年间出生世代的捐赠行为有所回落。

关键词: 捐赠行为, 社会变迁, 生命历程, 年龄-时期-世代效应

Abstract: As a crucial aspect of social capital, donation behavior is the typical prosocial behavior in which individuals voluntarily donate money, goods, or time to individuals, groups, or institutions in need. The current study utilized seven-wave data (N = 76377, 44.89% females; age range: 18~100 years old, M_age = 52.85 years old, SD = 16.41) based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) spanning from 2010 to 2022, including adult and household economic questionnaires. Employing hierarchical age-period-cohort-cross-classified random effects models (HAPC-CCREM), the current study investigated the trends in changes in Chinese donation behavior. Our results indicated: (1) Donation behavior exhibited an inverted J-shaped trend concerning age; (2) After controlling for demographic and socio-economic status variables, period effects revealed a U-shaped trend in donation behavior from 2010 to 2020, followed by a decline in 2022 in China; (3) Cohort effects revealed a V-shaped pattern in donation behavior among cohorts born between 1912 and 2002. In specific, two peaks were observed in the 1912—1926 Cohort and 1978—1984 Cohort, while the 1958—1961 Cohort was at the lowest point. Subsequently, there was a decline in donation behavior in the 1985—1991 Cohort and 1992—2002 Cohort.

Key words: donation behavior, social change, life course, age-period-cohort effect

中图分类号:

B844

王林欣, 林靓, 寇彧. 中国民众捐赠行为的变迁:基于年龄-时期-世代效应分析(2010—2022)[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2026, 42(3): 358-369.

WANG Linxin, LIN Jing, KOU Yu. The Changes of Donation Behavior in China: An Age-period-cohort Effects Analysis (2010—2022)[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2026, 42(3): 358-369.

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① 纳入人口学变量和社会经济地位变量后,世代效应依旧显著,其最低点由1950-1966年间出生的三个世代变为1958-1961出生世代。
(1)资料来源《中共中央国务院关于打赢脱贫攻坚战的决定》2024-04-09取自https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2015-12/07/content_5020963.htm

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