父母温暖教养的亲子感知差异与儿童抑郁和攻击行为的关系

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2025.06.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以2194个6年级家庭的儿童及其父母为研究对象,基于响应面分析的方法探究父母温暖教养的亲子感知差异及其与儿童抑郁和攻击行为的关系,并考察其中的儿童性别差异。结果表明:(1)父母与子女感知到的父母温暖教养一致水平越高,儿童的抑郁和攻击行为越低;(2)父母感知到的父母温暖教养水平高于子女感知时,亲子感知差异显著正向预测儿童的抑郁和攻击行为;(3)对于儿童抑郁而言,母亲与子女对母亲温暖教养的感知差异对女孩的影响更大,而父亲与子女对父亲温暖教养亲子感知差异的影响不存在显著的儿童性别差异;(4)对于儿童攻击行为而言,父亲与子女对父亲温暖教养的感知差异对男孩的影响更大,而母亲与子女对母亲温暖教养亲子感知差异的影响不存在显著的儿童性别差异。

关键词: 父母温暖教养, 亲子感知差异, 抑郁, 攻击行为, 响应面分析

Abstract: The current study aims to examine how congruence and discrepancy perceptions of parental warmth by both parents and children may relate to children’s depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior using response surface analysis. A total of 2194 grade 6 children and their parents were recruited. They were asked to complete the 4 items of parental warmth. And only children were asked to complete the Child Depression Symptoms Scale and the Child Aggressive Behavior Scale. The main results indicated that: (1) When parent-child parental warmth perception was congruent, the higher the level of parental warmth perceived by children and parents, the lower the depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior of children; (2) When parent-child parental warmth perception was discrepant, the greater the difference between parents’ perception and children’s perception (parents’ perception was more positive), the higher the children’s depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior was; (3) In the influence of parent-child perception difference of maternal warmth on children’s depressive symptoms, the congruence and discrepancy of parent-child perception of girls was stronger than that of boys, but this gender difference did not exist in the influence of parent-child perception difference of paternal warmth on children’s depressive symptoms; (4) In the influence of parent-child perception difference of paternal warmth on children’s aggressive behavior, the congruence and discrepancy of parent-child perception of boys was stronger than that of girls, but this gender difference did not exist in the influence of parent-child perception difference of maternal warmth on children’s aggressive behavior. This suggests that parents should truly understand their level of parental warmth, and pay attention to the role of fathers in parenting, to better promote child development.

Key words: parental warmth, parent-adolescent discrepancy, depressive symptoms, aggressive behavior, response surface analysis

中图分类号:

B844

郑天鹏, 周欣然, 梁丽婵, 袁柯曼, 边玉芳. 父母温暖教养的亲子感知差异与儿童抑郁和攻击行为的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(6): 869-880.

ZHENG Tianpeng, ZHOU Xinran, LIANG Lichan, YUAN Keman, BIAN Yufang. Relationship between Parent-adolescent Discrepancies in Perceived Parental Warmth and Children’s Depressive Symptoms and Aggressive Behavior[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(6): 869-880.

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