父母关爱对4~6年级留守儿童幸福感发展的影响:积极诠释生活的调节作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2025.06.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用问卷法对湖南省7所农村小学的908名4年级儿童进行2年共3次追踪调查,以期间一直处于留守状态的338名儿童为分析对象和一直处于非留守状态的180名儿童为对照组,从动态视角考察父母关爱对4~6年级儿童幸福感发展的影响以及积极诠释生活的调节作用。结果发现:(1)留守儿童父母关爱的发展速度呈边缘显著的线性下降趋势,幸福感、积极诠释生活的发展速度总体上保持稳定,但三者的个体差异均显著;与留守儿童不同,非留守儿童父母关爱、幸福感发展的初始水平较高,幸福感的发展速度呈显著下降趋势;(2)留守儿童父母关爱的初始水平/发展速度对其幸福感的初始水平/发展速度分别有正向预测作用,其中父母关爱初始水平的预测作用小于非留守儿童;(3)积极诠释生活的发展速度仅对留守儿童“父母关爱发展速度→幸福感发展速度”路径有正向调节作用。可见,父母关爱发展是4~6年级留守儿童幸福感发展的重要源泉,积极诠释生活对此动态关系有增强效应。

关键词: 留守儿童, 父母关爱, 幸福感, 积极诠释生活, 潜变量增长模型

Abstract: A total of 908 children in grade 4 from 7 rural primary schools in Hunan Province were investigated by questionnaire for 3 times over 2 years. Among them, 338 children who had been left behind from T1 to T3 were selected to be analyzed, while 180 children kept non-left-behind were taken as the control group. Our study investigated the influence of parental care development on the general well-being (GWB) development of children in grades 4~6 and the moderating effect of the development of positively interpreting life from the dynamic perspective. The results showed that: (1) The slope of parental care of left-behind children (LBC) showed a marginally significant trend of decline, and the slope of GWB and positively interpreting life exhibited a stable development, but the individual differences among the three variables were significant; different from LBC, the initial level of parental care and GWB of NLBC was higher, and the development speed of GWB showed a significant downward trend; (2) The initial level / development speed of parental care positively predicted the initial level / development speed of LBC’s GWB respectively, and the predictive effect of the initial level of parental care was smaller than that of NLBC; (3) The development speed of positively interpreting life only had a positive moderating effect on the path of “development speed of parental care → development speed of GWB” among LBC. It can be seen that the development of parental care is an important source of the development of GWB for LBC from grade 4 to 6, and positively interpreting life has an enhancing effect on the above dynamic process.

Key words: left-behind children, parental care, general well-being, positively interpreting life, latent growth modeling

中图分类号:

B844

范兴华, 燕利飞, 靳嘉宁, 李潇潼, 邓汇溪, 余思. 父母关爱对4~6年级留守儿童幸福感发展的影响:积极诠释生活的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(6): 859-868.

FAN Xinghua, YAN Lifei, JIN Jianing, LI Xiaotong, DENG Huixi, YU Si. Effect of the Development of Parental Care on the Development of General Well-being In Grade 4~6 Left-behind Rural Children: The Moderating Role of Positively Interpreting Life[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(6): 859-868.

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