4～5岁儿童认知发展:适龄入园的积极影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全国范围内采取四阶段分层随机抽样,以1391名4岁儿童为被试,采用追踪调查,先后两次(间隔一年)测查儿童的认知能力,建立两水平回归模型考察幼儿园入园年龄与4～5岁儿童认知发展的关系,并进一步探讨家庭学习环境对入园年龄效应的调节作用。结果发现:(1)入园年龄对儿童认知发展的影响是非线性的,且入园年龄效应在儿童5岁时仍然存在;(2)对于家庭学习环境差的儿童,较早入园使得儿童获得认知发展的优势;对于家庭学习环境较好的儿童,则存在一个适中的入园年龄段,能最大程度促进儿童的认知发展。

关键词: 幼儿园教育, 入园年龄, 认知发展, 家庭学习环境

Abstract: The current study addresses the impact of kindergarten enrollment age on children's cognitive development.Data were drawn from a large-scale project and included a national representative sample of 1,391 children who had scores for cognitive scores at the age of 4,and 964 of them were followed into the next year.The method of multilevel regressions was realized using MLwiN.Different multilevel models were employed to estimate the impact of enrollment age as well as interactions between enrollment age and home learning environment. Evidence was found in the data for quadratic effects of enrollment age in predicting cognitive scores.The results also demonstrated the moderating effect of home learning environment.Implications may include the better location of preschool education resources and cautions of the different needs of children from different backgrounds.

Key words: Kindergarten education, enrollment age, cognitive development, home learning environment

中图分类号:

B844.1

张佳慧, 辛涛, 陈学峰. 4～5岁儿童认知发展:适龄入园的积极影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2011, 27(5): 475-483.

ZHANG Jia-hui, XIN Tao, CHEN Xue-feng. Cognitive Development of 4-5 years old:The Positive Impact of Appropriate Kindergarten Enrollment Age[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2011, 27(5): 475-483.

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