儿童数字线表征的发展——心理长度的影响

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2015.02.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨儿童在数字线估计任务中心理长度的发展及其对数量表征模式的影响.选取7~9岁儿童共109名进行数字线估计任务测试,设置了10cm和20cm两种长度条件,要求儿童完成根据位置判断数字任务(position to number,PN任务).结果表明儿童在数字线PN任务中存在心理长度,且7岁儿童心理长度的范围超过10,随着儿童年龄的增长,他们的心理长度范围不断缩小;心理长度范围影响儿童的表征模式,随着心理长度范围的缩小,儿童的数字线表征出现从指数模式到线性模式的变化趋势;与表征模式的发展趋势一致,儿童估计的精确性随年龄增长逐渐提高.

关键词: 数字线估计, 心理长度, 数量表征, 儿童

Abstract: A total of 109 7-to 9-year-old children were selected to take the number line estimation task. The aim was to test how their mental distance, numerical representations, and accuracy of estimation developed with age. The results showed the following: Mental distance did exist among 7- to 9-year-old children, and the range of mental distance might exceed 10 for 7-year-old children and gradually disappeared between 7- to 9-year-old; Influenced by mental distance, children's number line representational models changed from exponential to linear; In accordance with the change of representational models, the accuracy of estimation improved with development.

Key words: number line estimation, metal distance, numerical representation, children

中图分类号:

B844

张帆, 赖颖慧, 陈英和. 儿童数字线表征的发展——心理长度的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2015, 31(2): 149-156.

ZHANG Fan, LAI Yinghui, CHEN Yinghe. Development of Children's Number Line Estimation: the Influence of Mental Distance[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2015, 31(2): 149-156.

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